Shloka 22

Devanagari script

अथैवमुक्ते वचने प्रोवाचेदमकम्पनः।शृणु राजन्यथावृत्तं रामस्य बलपौरुषम्।।3.31.22।।

Transliteration

athaivam ukte vacane provācedam akampanaḥ |

śṛṇu rājan yathāvṛttaṃ rāmasya balapauruṣam ||3.31.22||

Translation

Khi Rāvaṇa nói như vậy, Akampana thưa: “Xin nghe, tâu Đại vương, điều đã thực sự xảy ra—và sức mạnh cùng dũng lực của Rāma.”

Word by Word

• atha: then
• atha: Sambandha (सम्बन्धः)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: atha (अव्यय)
• Form: Discourse particle (अनन्तर/आरम्भ-अव्यय)

• evam: thus
• evam: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: evam (अव्यय)
• Form: Manner adverb (प्रकारवाचक-अव्यय)

• ukte: when (it was) spoken
• ukte: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Verb
• Root: vac (धातु)
• Form: Past passive participle (क्त), Locative (सप्तमी/7), Singular (एकवचन), Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग); locative absolute with vacane

• vacane: in the words/speech
• vacane: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vacana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Locative (सप्तमी/7), Singular (एकवचन); with ukte = locative absolute

• provāca: spoke forth
• provāca: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: pra + vac (धातु)
• Form: Liṭ-lakāra (लिट्/Perfect), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन)

• idam: this
• idam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: idam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (द्वितीया/2), Singular (एकवचन); object of provāca

• akampanaḥ: Akampana
• akampanaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: akampana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन)

• śṛṇu: listen
• śṛṇu: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: śru (धातु)
• Form: Loṭ-lakāra (लोट्/Imperative), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद), 2nd person (मध्यमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन)

• rājan: O king
• rājan: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rājan (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Vocative (सम्बोधन), Singular (एकवचन)

• yathā-vṛttam: what happened (as it occurred)
• yathā-vṛttam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: yathā (अव्यय) + vṛtta (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक, from vṛt धातु)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (द्वितीया/2), Singular (एकवचन); अव्ययीभाव: yathā vṛttam = ‘as it happened’

• rāmasya: of Rāma
• rāmasya: Sambandha (सम्बन्धः)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rāma (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Genitive (षष्ठी/6), Singular (एकवचन)

• bala-pauruṣam: strength and valor
• bala-pauruṣam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bala (प्रातिपदिक) + pauruṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (द्वितीया/2), Singular (एकवचन); इतरेतर-द्वन्द्व (samāhāra sense): balaṃ ca pauruṣaṃ ca

Context

Hearing Akampana's words, Ravana said, I will go to Janasthana and kill Rama along with Lakshmana.

Characters & Entities

• Akampana
• Rāvaṇa
• Rāma

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Satya (truthful reporting) is upheld: before action, one should hear the facts as they occurred, not act on impulse.

What is the narrative situation?

After Rāvaṇa’s threat, Akampana attempts to brief him accurately about Rāma’s real capabilities.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Commitment to factual truth and prudent counsel, even when addressing an enraged ruler.