Shloka 16

अकम्पनवृत्तान्तः

Akampana Reports Janasthana; Ravana Plans Sita’s Abduction

Devanagari script

तस्यानुरूपो बलवान्रक्ताक्षो दन्दुभिस्वनः।कनीयान्लक्ष्मणो नाम भ्राता शशिनिभाननः।।3.31.16।।

Transliteration

tasyānurūpo balavān raktākṣo dundubhisvanaḥ |

kanīyān lakṣmaṇo nāma bhrātā śaśinibhānanaḥ ||3.31.16||

Translation

Em trai của Ngài, tên là Lakṣmaṇa, dung mạo tương xứng: cường tráng, mắt đỏ rực, tiếng vang như trống, gương mặt sáng như trăng.

Word by Word

• तस्य: of him (Rāma)
• तस्य: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन

• अनुरूपः: similar/appropriate
• अनुरूपः: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: anurūpa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; predicate adjective

• बलवान्: strong
• बलवान्: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: balavat (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• रक्ताक्षः: red-eyed
• रक्ताक्षः: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: rakta-akṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; कर्मधारयः ‘red-eyed’

• दुन्दुभिस्वनः: drum-voiced
• दुन्दुभिस्वनः: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: dundubhi-svana (प्रātipadika)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; तत्पुरुष ‘having a sound like a drum’

• कनीयान्: younger
• कनीयान्: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: kanīyas (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; comparative ‘younger’

• लक्ष्मणः: Lakṣmaṇa
• लक्ष्मणः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: lakṣmaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• नाम: by name
• नाम: Viśeṣaṇa (नामनिर्देश)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: nāman (प्रातिपदिक) used adverbially
• Form: अव्ययीभाव-प्रयोग (indeclinable usage) ‘by name’

• भ्राता: brother
• भ्राता: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bhrātṛ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; apposition to लक्ष्मणः

• शशिनिभाननः: moon-faced
• शशिनिभाननः: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: śaśi-nibha-ānana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; कर्मधारयः ‘moon-like-faced’

Context

He is strong with bright red eyes. He has a deep voice with the resonance of a drum.His face is like the moon. Lakshmana, his younger brother, is similar to him in appearance.

Characters & Entities

• Lakṣmaṇa
• Rāma

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is implied through loyal fraternity: Lakṣmaṇa’s strength and presence support righteous action by standing with Rāma in a just cause.

What is the narrative situation?

Akampana, having fled, describes to Rāvaṇa the formidable qualities of Rāma’s companion—his brother Lakṣmaṇa.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Lakṣmaṇa’s steadfast strength and brotherly devotion—power joined with unwavering support.