Shloka 65

Adhyaya 75 — Slaying of Mahishasura

Sanskrit

औद्वाहिकान्ते भूपाल कथ्यतां किं ददाम्यहम् ।

दुर्लभ्यमपि दास्यामि ममाप्रतिहतं तपः ॥

Transliteration

audvāhikānte bhūpāla kathyatāṃ kiṃ dadāmy aham | durlabhyam api dāsyāmi mamāpratihatam tapaḥ ||

Translation

Khi các nghi lễ hôn phối đã viên mãn, vị hiền triết nói: “Ôi Đại vương, xin hãy cho ta biết—ta nên ban cho ngài điều gì? Dẫu là điều khó được, ta cũng sẽ ban, vì công phu khổ hạnh (tapas) của ta không bị ngăn trở.”

Word by Word

• audvāhika-ante: at the end of the wedding
• audvāhika-ante: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: audvāhika + anta (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Locative), एकवचन; तत्पुरुष-समास (audvāhikasya antaḥ)

• bhūpāla: O king
• bhūpāla: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bhūpāla (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन-प्रथमा (Vocative), एकवचन

• kathyatām: let (it) be stated
• kathyatām: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √kath (धातु)
• Form: लोट्-लकार (Imperative), कर्मणि-प्रयोग (passive), प्रथम-पुरुष, एकवचन; ‘let it be told/said’

• kim: what
• kim: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kim (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative), एकवचन; प्रश्नवाचक सर्वनाम

• dadāmi: do I give
• dadāmi: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √dā (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार (Present), परस्मैपद, उत्तम-पुरुष, एकवचन

• aham: I
• aham: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: उत्तम-पुरुष सर्वनाम, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative), एकवचन

• durlabhyam: even (something) hard to obtain
• durlabhyam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: durlabhya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative), एकवचन; विशेषण (implicit object)

• api: even
• api: Sambandha/Emphasis (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: api (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय/अपि-कार (particle: even/also)

• dāsyāmi: I will give
• dāsyāmi: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √dā (धातु)
• Form: लृट्-लकार (Simple Future), परस्मैपद, उत्तम-पुरुष, एकवचन

• mama: my
• mama: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: उत्तम-पुरुष सर्वनाम, षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive), एकवचन

• apratihatam: unobstructed
• apratihatam: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: a-prati-hata (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया/प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Acc/Nom), एकवचन; विशेषण

• tapaḥ: austerity, penance
• tapaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tapas (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative), एकवचन

Speakers

• Sage (implied speaker offering boon) addressing the king/son-in-law

Key Themes

• Boon (vara) motif
• Tapas as invincible merit
• Royal lineage and cosmic governance

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Power is framed as accountable generosity: the ascetic offers his earned potency to support righteous kingship and ordered society.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Vaṃśānucarita: the requested boon directly shapes dynastic history; secondarily, Manvantara because the boon yields a Manu.

What is the esoteric significance?

‘Unobstructed tapas’ indicates concentrated will free of inner impediments; when such will is offered outwardly, it becomes creative destiny for communities and ages.