Shloka 33

Adhyaya 75 — The Fall and Restoration of Revatī Nakṣatra and the Birth of Raivata Manu

Sanskrit

स प्रविश्याश्रमपदं तां तन्वीं जगतीपतिः ।

अपश्यमानस्तमृषिं प्रियेत्यामन्त्र्य पृष्टवान् ॥

Transliteration

sa praviśyāśramapadaṃ tāṃ tanvīṃ jagatīpatiḥ |

apaśyamānas tam ṛṣiṃ priyety āmantrya pṛṣṭavān ||

Translation

Bước vào khuôn viên đạo viện, chúa tể cõi đất thấy người nữ mảnh mai ấy; không thấy vị hiền giả, ông gọi nàng là “ái nương” và hỏi thăm (về ngài).

Word by Word

• saḥ: he
• saḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)

• praviśya: having entered
• praviśya: Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकाल-क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: pra-viś (धातु)
• Form: Absolutive/Gerund (क्त्वा-प्रत्यय, ल्यप्): ‘having entered’

• āśramapadam: the hermitage-abode
• āśramapadam: Karma (कर्म/गति-लक्ष्य)
• Type: Noun
• Root: āśrama-pada (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)

• tām: her
• tām: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)

• tanvīm: slender (woman)
• tanvīm: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: tanvī (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन); used as epithet of tām

• jagatīpatiḥ: lord of the earth (king)
• jagatīpatiḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: jagatī-pati (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); तत्पुरुष: jagatī (earth/world) + pati (lord)

• apaśyamānaḥ: not seeing
• apaśyamānaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Verb
• Root: a-paś (धातु)
• Form: Śatṛ present active participle (शतृ), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); with privative sense by context: ‘not seeing’

• tam: that (him)
• tam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)

• ṛṣim: sage
• ṛṣim: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ṛṣi (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)

• priya: dear one!
• priya: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: priya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Used as interjection/vocative-like address (सम्बोधनार्थे निपातवत्) in direct speech

• iti: thus
• iti: Sambandha (वाक्य-सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: iti (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya (अव्यय), quotative particle (इति-निपात) marking speech/thought

• āmantrya: having addressed
• āmantrya: Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकाल-क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ā-mantr (धातु)
• Form: Absolutive/Gerund (क्त्वा-प्रत्यय, ल्यप्): ‘having addressed/invited’

• pṛṣṭavān: asked
• pṛṣṭavān: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: prach (धातu)
• Form: Kta + vat (क्तवत्) past active participle, Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)

Speakers

• Mārkaṇḍeya (narration); King Durgama speaking to the woman (addressed as ‘priye’)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shringara", "secondaryRasa": "adbhuta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Royal etiquette and inquiry
• Āśrama encounter
• Narrative progression toward hospitality

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Even a sovereign must inquire respectfully within the ascetic domain; the āśrama is a space where power yields to propriety.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Carita (episode) supporting vaṃśānucarita by depicting the conduct of a named king.

What is the esoteric significance?

The ‘missing sage’ motif externalizes the seeker’s condition: guidance is not always immediately visible and must be sought through humility and right address.