Markandeya Purana — Adhyaya 72, Shloka 17

Adhyaya 72 — The Reconciliation Rite, Sarasvati Sacrifice, and the Birth of Uttama Manu (Auttama Manvantara Prelude)

Sanskrit

ततस्तेन नरेन्द्रेण विस्तरेण निवेदिते । गत्वा पातालमादाय राजपत्नीमुपाययौ ॥

Transliteration

tatas tena narendreṇa vistareṇa nivedite / gatvā pātālam ādāya rājapatnīm upāyayau

Translation

Rồi, khi nhà vua đã thuật lại mọi việc tường tận, hắn đi xuống Pātāla và, đem theo hoàng hậu của vua, đưa nàng trở về.

Word by Word

• ततः: thereupon
• ततः: सम्बन्ध/क्रम (Sequence)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः (अव्यय)
• Form: अपादान/क्रमवाचक-अव्यय (then/thereupon)

• तेन: by him
• तेन: कर्ता (Agent)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन

• नरेन्द्रेण: by the king
• नरेन्द्रेण: कर्ता (Agent)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नरेन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक: नर + इन्द्र)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन; समासः षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष ('lord of men')

• विस्तरेण: in detail
• विस्तरेण: करण (Karaṇa/Instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: विस्तर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन; करणवाचक (instrumental: 'in detail')

• निवेदिते: when (it) was reported
• निवेदिते: सति-सप्तमी (Locative absolute)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: नि-विद् (धातु) → निवेदित (कृदन्त, क्त)
• Form: कृदन्त (past passive participle, क्त), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन; लोके सति-सप्तमी (locative absolute): 'when it was reported'

• गत्वा: having gone
• गत्वा: पूर्वकाल-क्रिया (Prior action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: गम् (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund), अव्ययभाव; 'having gone'

• पातालम्: to the netherworld (Pātāla)
• पातालम्: कर्म/गन्तव्य (Goal as object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पाताल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• आदाय: having taken
• आदाय: पूर्वकाल-क्रिया (Prior action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: आ-दा (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund), अव्ययभाव; 'having taken'

• राजपत्नीम्: the queen
• राजपत्नीम्: कर्म (Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजपत्नी (प्रातिपदिक: राजन् + पत्नी)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; समासः षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष ('king's wife')

• उपाययौ: brought (her) near, led (her) back
• उपाययौ: क्रिया (Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: उप-आ-या (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (Perfect), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन

Speakers

• Mārkaṇḍeya as narrator

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "adbhuta", "secondaryRasa": "shanta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Netherworld (Pātāla) motif
• Supernatural agency
• Restoration of social order

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Rightful ends (restoring dhārmic household order) can employ extraordinary means, but only under guidance and clear intention, not caprice.

How does this fit the Pancalakṣaṇa (5 characteristics)?

Upākhyāna; a plot-resolution move within a moral narrative rather than a cosmological/dynastic catalog.

What is the esoteric significance?

Pātāla can signify the ‘subterranean’ psyche—recovering the queen symbolizes retrieving harmony from the depths of conflict and alienation.