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Shloka 40

Adhyaya 53Rudrasarga and the Measure of the Manvantaras: Svayambhuva Manu, Priyavrata’s Line, and the Seven Dvipas

तपस्तेपे महाभागः पुलहाश्रमसंश्रयः ।

हिमाह्विं दक्षिणं वर्षं भरताय पिता ददौ ॥

tapas tepe mahābhāgaḥ pulahāśramasaṃśrayaḥ |

himāhviṃ dakṣiṇaṃ varṣaṃ bharatāya pitā dadau ||

Nương tựa nơi ẩn viện của Pulaha, bậc hữu phúc ấy đã thực hành khổ hạnh. Phụ thân đã ban cho Bharata miền phương Nam gọi là Himāhva.

तपःausterity, penance
तपः:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootतपस् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (कर्म), एकवचन; neuter, Accusative, Singular
तेपेperformed (austerities)
तेपे:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootतप् (धातु)
Formलिट्-लकार (परिपूर्णभूत/Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन, परस्मैपद; Perfect, 3rd person, Singular, Parasmaipada
महाभागःthe greatly fortunate one
महाभागः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootमहाभाग (प्रातिपदिक: महा + भाग)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; masculine, Nominative, Singular
पुलहाश्रमसंश्रयःone who has taken refuge in Pulaha’s hermitage
पुलहाश्रमसंश्रयः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootपुलह-आश्रम-सम्-श्रय (प्रातिपदिक; components: पुलह + आश्रम + संश्रय)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; masculine, Nominative, Singular
हिमाह्विम्called ‘Himāhvī’ (snow-named)
हिमाह्विम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootहिमाह्वि (प्रातिपदिक: हिम + आह्वि)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; feminine, Accusative, Singular (qualifying वर्षम् understood as name/epithet)
दक्षिणम्southern
दक्षिणम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootदक्षिण (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; neuter, Accusative, Singular
वर्षम्region/land (varṣa)
वर्षम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootवर्ष (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; neuter, Accusative, Singular
भरतायto Bharata
भरताय:
Sampradana (सम्प्रदान)
TypeNoun
Rootभरत (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, चतुर्थी-विभक्ति (सम्प्रदान), एकवचन; masculine, Dative, Singular
पिताthe father
पिता:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootपितृ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; masculine, Nominative, Singular
ददौgave
ददौ:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootदा (धातु)
Formलिट्-लकार (परिपूर्णभूत/Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन, परस्मैपद; Perfect, 3rd person, Singular, Parasmaipada
Narrator (Mārkaṇḍeya) continuing genealogical account
ManvantaraGenealogySacred geographyKingship and renunciation (tapas)

FAQs

The verse juxtaposes worldly allotment (a father granting territory) with ascetic merit (tapas at a ṛṣi’s āśrama), underscoring the Purāṇic ideal that rulership and renunciation can be sequential duties within a righteous life.

Primarily Manvantara and Vaṃśānucarita: it belongs to the dynastic account within a Manu-period narrative, linking regions (varṣas) to ancestral rulers.

‘South’ and ‘Himā-’ imagery can be read symbolically as the descent of sovereignty into the manifest world, while the āśrama setting points to tapas as the inner foundation that legitimizes outer authority.