Shloka 76

Adhyaya 50 — Mind-Born Progeny, Svayambhuva Manu’s Lineage, and Brahmā’s Ordinance to Duḥsaha (Alakṣmī’s Retinue)

Sanskrit

त्रिभिः पूर्वगुणैर्युक्तं पाशुपाल्य-वणिज्ययोः ।

कृषेश्चावाप्तवृत्तिञ्च त्यज वैश्यामकल्मषम् ॥

Transliteration

tribhiḥ pūrva-guṇair yuktaṃ pāśupālya-vaṇijyayoḥ | kṛṣeś cāvāpta-vṛttiṃ ca tyaja vaiśyam akalmaṣam ||

Translation

Hãy tránh vị vaiśya đầy đủ ba đức hạnh đã nêu trước, mưu sinh bằng chăn nuôi gia súc, thương mại và nông nghiệp, và không vướng tội cấu uế.

Word by Word

• tribhiḥ: with three
• tribhiḥ: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: tri (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Plural; numeral adjective

• pūrva-guṇaiḥ: with the former qualities
• pūrva-guṇaiḥ: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pūrva (प्रातिपदिक) + guṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Plural; कर्मधारय-समासः — ‘पूर्वाः गुणाः’ (former/earlier qualities)

• yuktam: endowed (with)
• yuktam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: yukta (कृदन्त; √yuj)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular; PPP used adjectivally ‘endowed/connected’

• pāśupālya-vaṇijyayoḥ: of herding and trade
• pāśupālya-vaṇijyayoḥ: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pāśupālya (प्रातिपदिक) + vaṇijyā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine, Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Dual (द्विवचन); द्वन्द्व-समासः — ‘पाशुपाल्यस्य च वणिज्यायाश्च’

• kṛṣeḥ: of agriculture
• kṛṣeḥ: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kṛṣi (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine, Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya; conjunction

• avāpta-vṛttim: one who has obtained a livelihood
• avāpta-vṛttim: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: avāpta (कृदन्त; ava-√āp) + vṛtti (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular; तत्पुरुषः — ‘अवाप्ता वृतिः यस्य’ (one who has obtained a livelihood)

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya; conjunction

• tyaja: abandon/avoid
• tyaja: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √tyaj (धातु)
• Form: Loṭ-lakāra (Imperative), Parasmaipada, Madhyama-puruṣa, Singular

• vaiśyam: a Vaishya
• vaiśyam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vaiśya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular

• a-kalmaṣam: free from impurity/sin
• a-kalmaṣam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: a- (नञ्-प्रत्यय) + kalmaṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular; नञ्-समास/नञ्-योगः — ‘कल्मषरहित’ (stainless/sinless)

Speakers

• Dharma-instructor addressing a Yakṣa (didactic counsel within the Purāṇic dialogue frame)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "dharma", "secondaryRasa": "shanta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Dharma
• Varṇāśrama duties
• Economic ethics
• Purity (akalmaṣa)

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Sustaining society through clean livelihood—farming, trade, and cattle-rearing—when joined to virtues, becomes dharmically protected; such a person is to be avoided by the Yakṣa.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Dharma and social order instruction; not a creation/manvantara/genealogy passage.

What is the esoteric significance?

Akalmaṣa livelihood implies reduced karmic 'leakage'; the household’s prosperity is framed as protected when rooted in dharma.