Markandeya Purana — Adhyaya 50, Shloka 50

Adhyaya 50 — Mind-Born Progeny, Svayambhuva Manu’s Lineage, and Brahmā’s Ordinance to Duḥsaha (Alakṣmī’s Retinue)

Sanskrit

दुष्टं क्रुद्धार्तदत्तञ्च यक्ष तद्भागि तत्फलम् ।

यच्च पौनर्भवः किञ्चित् करोत्यमुष्मिकं क्रमम् ॥

Transliteration

duṣṭaṃ kruddhārta-dattañ ca yakṣa tad-bhāgī tat phalam |

yac ca paunarbhavaḥ kiñcit karoty āmuṣmikaṃ kramam ||

Translation

“Bất cứ điều gì là ác, bất cứ điều gì được cho trong cơn giận hay trong cảnh khốn cùng—hỡi Yakṣa, ngươi nhận một phần quả báo của nó. Và bất cứ điều gì một ‘paunarbhava’ làm như một nghi lễ nhắm đến cõi đời sau—(điều ấy cũng quy về ngươi).”

Word by Word

• duṣṭam: wicked/tainted
• duṣṭam: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: duṣṭa (प्रातिपदिक/कृदन्त)
• Form: Napumsaka, Prathamā/Dvitīyā, Ekavacana; viśeṣaṇa of (dattam)

• kruddha-ārta-dattam: given by one angry and distressed
• kruddha-ārta-dattam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Verb
• Root: kruddha (कृदन्त) + ārta (प्रातिपदिक) + datta (कृदन्त)
• Form: Tatpuruṣa (तत्पुरुष) (elliptic) ‘kruddhena ārtena dattam’; Kta-PPP ‘datta’, Napumsaka, Prathamā/Dvitīyā, Ekavacana

• ca: and
• ca: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Samuccaya-nipāta (conjunction)

• yakṣa: O Yakṣa
• yakṣa: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/address)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yakṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Sambodhana (vocative/सम्बोधन), Ekavacana

• tad-bhāgi: a sharer of that
• tad-bhāgi: Kartṛ-sambandha (कर्ता-सम्बन्ध/predicate of subject)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: tad (प्रातिपदिक) + bhāgin (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Tatpuruṣa (तत्पुरुष) ‘tasya bhāgī’; Puṃliṅga, Prathamā (1st), Ekavacana; predicate adjective (to implied ‘tvam’)

• tat: that
• tat: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Sarvanāma, Napumsaka, Prathamā/Dvitīyā, Ekavacana

• phalam: fruit/result
• phalam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: phala (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Napumsaka, Prathamā/Dvitīyā, Ekavacana

• yat: which
• yat: Anuyogī (अनुयोगी/relative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Sarvanāma, Napumsaka, Prathamā/Dvitīyā, Ekavacana; relative pronoun

• ca: and
• ca: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Samuccaya-nipāta (conjunction)

• paunarbhavaḥ: a remarried man (paunarbhava)
• paunarbhavaḥ: Karta (कर्ता/subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: paunarbhava (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā (1st), Ekavacana

• kiñcit: something
• kiñcit: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kiṃcid (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Sarvanāma, Napumsaka, Dvitīyā (2nd), Ekavacana; indefinite pronoun

• karoti: does/makes
• karoti: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: kṛ (कृ धातु)
• Form: Laṭ-lakāra (present), Prathama-puruṣa (3rd person), Ekavacana; Parasmaipada

• āmuṣmikam: other-worldly/pertaining to the next world
• āmuṣmikam: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: āmuṣmika (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Napumsaka, Dvitīyā (2nd), Ekavacana; viśeṣaṇa of kramam

• kramam: procedure/act/sequence
• kramam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: krama (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Dvitīyā (2nd), Ekavacana

Speakers

• Unspecified narrator addressing a Yakṣa

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "bhayanaka", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Ethics of intention
• Karma-phala
• Social dharma categories
• Ritual motivation

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

The inner state (anger, distress, malice) contaminates the act and redirects its karmic yield; the text frames this as the Yakṣa obtaining a ‘share’ in such compromised merit.

How does this fit the Pancalakṣaṇa (5 characteristics)?

Dharma/ācāra discourse embedded in purāṇic narration; not a cosmological or genealogical segment.

What is the esoteric significance?

A ‘Yakṣa-share’ symbolizes that distorted intention creates openings for obstructive forces to feed on one’s acts, diminishing sattvic uplift.