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Shloka 23

Adhyaya 5Tvashta’s Wrath, the Birth of Vritra, and the Divine Descent as the Pandavas

उत्पन्नौ यमजौ माद्रयां शक्ररूपौ महाद्युतिः ।

पञ्चधा भगवानीत्थमवतीर्णः शतक्रतुः ॥

utpannau yamajau mādrayāṃ śakrarūpau mahādyutī | pañcadhā bhagavān ittham avatīrṇaḥ śatakratuḥ ||

Hai song sinh rực sáng được sinh từ Mādrī, mang hình tướng tương tự Śakra (Indra). Như vậy, đấng phúc đức Śatakratu (Indra) đã giáng hạ trong năm phương diện hiển lộ.

utpannauwere born/arose
utpannau:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootut√pad (धातु)
Formक्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (past passive participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), द्विवचन (Dual)
yama-jauthe two sons of Yama (twins)
yama-jau:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootyama (प्रातिपदिक) + ja (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), द्विवचन (Dual); षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (yamasya jā)
mādryāmin/through Mādrī
mādryām:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootmādrī (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन (Singular)
śakra-rūpauhaving Śakra’s form
śakra-rūpau:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootśakra (प्रातिपदिक) + rūpa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), द्विवचन (Dual); षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (śakrasya rūpam iva)
mahā-dyutīof great radiance
mahā-dyutī:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootmahā (प्रातिपदिक) + dyuti (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), द्विवचन (Dual); कर्मधारयः (mahā dyutiḥ)
pañcadhāin fivefold manner
pañcadhā:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootpañcadhā (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; प्रकारवाचक क्रियाविशेषण (adverb of manner: ‘in five ways’)
bhagavānthe Blessed Lord
bhagavān:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootbhagavat (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन (Singular)
itthamthus
ittham:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootittham (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; प्रकारवाचक (thus/in this manner)
avatīrṇaḥdescended
avatīrṇaḥ:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootava√tṝ (धातु)
Formक्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (past passive participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन (Singular)
śata-kratuḥŚatakratu (Indra)
śata-kratuḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootśata (प्रातिपदिक) + kratu (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन (Singular); बहुव्रीहिः (yasya śataṃ kratavaḥ saḥ) इन्द्र-पर्यायः
Narrative voice of the Purāṇa (genealogical narration; not within Devī Māhātmya frame)
Indra (Śakra/Śatakratu)
GenealogyDivine incarnation/manifestationManvantara-linked chronology

FAQs

The verse underscores a Purāṇic idea: cosmic offices (like Indra-hood) and divine functions can be expressed through multiple manifestations, emphasizing that divine agency works through lineage and time to uphold order (dharma) rather than remaining confined to a single, static embodiment.

Primarily Manvantara and Vaṃśa/vaṃśānucarita: it belongs to the genealogical-historical stream that situates events and births within the unfolding of dynasties across manvantara time-cycles.

‘Pañcadhā’ (fivefold) hints at the divisible, function-oriented nature of divine power: one sovereignty (Indra/Śakra) can distribute itself into multiple loci to accomplish distinct cosmic tasks, suggesting that splendor (dyuti) and authority are not merely personal traits but transmissible, role-based energies.