Shloka 15

Adhyaya 5 — Tvashta’s Wrath, the Birth of Vritra, and the Divine Descent as the Pandavas

Sanskrit

राज्ञामुद्रिक्तवीर्याणां देवेन्द्रं विजिगीषवः ।

कुलेष्वतिबला दैत्या अजायन्त महामुने ॥

Transliteration

rājñām udriktavīryāṇāṃ devendraṃ vijigīṣavaḥ |

kuleṣv atibalā daityā ajāyanta mahāmune ||

Translation

Ôi bậc đại hiền, trong các dòng dõi vua chúa mà uy lực đã tăng trưởng mạnh mẽ, những Daitya cực kỳ hùng cường đã sinh ra, khát vọng chinh phục Devendra (Indra).

Word by Word

• राज्ञाम्: of kings
• राज्ञाम्: सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी/Genitival relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive/षष्ठी), बहुवचन; ‘राजन्’ (king)

• उद्रिक्त-वीर्याणाम्: of (those) of excessive prowess
• उद्रिक्त-वीर्याणाम्: विशेषण (Adjectival qualifier of ‘राज्ञाम्’)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उद्रिक्त (प्रातिपदिक) + वीर्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive/षष्ठी), बहुवचन; कर्मधारय-समासः—‘उद्रिक्तं वीर्यं येषाम्/येषां’ (having excessive prowess)

• देवेन्द्रम्: Indra, lord of the gods
• देवेन्द्रम्: कर्म (Karma/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: देवेन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/द्वितीया), एकवचन; तत्पुरुष-समासः—देवानाम् इन्द्रः

• विजिगीषवः: desiring to conquer
• विजिगीषवः: कर्ता (Karta/कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वि + जि (धातु) → जिगीषु (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/प्रथमा), बहुवचन; desiderative adjective (इच्छार्थक) ‘to wish to conquer’

• कुलेषु: in (royal) families
• कुलेषु: अधिकरण (Adhikaraṇa/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कुल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Locative/सप्तमी), बहुवचन

• अतिबलाः: very strong
• अतिबलाः: विशेषण (of ‘दैत्या:’)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अति (उपसर्ग/अव्यय) + बल (प्रातिपदिक) → अतिबल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/प्रथमा), बहुवचन; कर्मधारय—‘अतिशयेन बलवान्’

• दैत्याḥ: Daityas (demons)
• दैत्याḥ: कर्ता (Karta/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दैत्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/प्रथमा), बहुवचन

• अजायन्त: were born
• अजायन्त: क्रिया (Verb/predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: जन् (धातु)
• Form: लङ्-लकार (Imperfect/past), प्रथम-पुरुष (3rd person), बहुवचन; आत्मनेपद

• महामुने: O great sage
• महामुने: सम्बोधन (Address/सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: महामुनि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन-विभक्ति (Vocative/सम्बोधन), एकवचन; कर्मधारय—‘महान् मुनिः’

Speakers

• Narrative voice within the Markandeya Purana’s discourse (exact frame-speaker depends on recension; not within Devi Mahatmyam proper)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "vira", "secondaryRasa": "raudra", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Primary Deities

• Indra

Key Themes

• Cosmology
• Genealogy
• Asura–Deva conflict
• Kingship and power
• Hubris (overreaching ambition)

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

When power (vīrya) becomes excessive and ungoverned by dharma, it tends to express itself as conquest-desire (vijigīṣā). The verse frames a recurring Purāṇic ethic: strength without restraint matures into rivalry against cosmic order (represented by Indra), leading to inevitable conflict and correction.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Primarily within Vaṃśa/Vaṃśānucarita (genealogies and dynastic accounts), with an implied Manvantara-style motif of recurring Deva–Asura cycles across ages.

What is the esoteric significance?

Indra symbolizes sovereign authority and the regulating principle of the cosmos; Daityas ‘born in royal lineages’ suggests that inner “asuric” tendencies can arise from the same seat as legitimate sovereignty—when rulership becomes ego-centered. The impulse to ‘conquer Indra’ reflects the psyche’s attempt to overthrow higher order through unbridled ambition.