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Shloka 10

Adhyaya 5Tvashta’s Wrath, the Birth of Vritra, and the Divine Descent as the Pandavas

समयस्थितिमुल्लङ्घ्य यदा शक्रेण घातितः ।

वृत्रो हत्याभिभूतस्य तदा बलमशीऱ्यत ॥

samayasthitimullaṅghya yadā śakreṇa ghātitaḥ /

vṛtro hatyābhibhūtasya tadā balamaśīryata

Khi Vṛtra bị Śakra (Indra) sát hại, trái với giao ước đã được thiết lập, thì do Indra bị tội lỗi của việc giết Vṛtra bao phủ, sức lực của ngài bắt đầu hao mòn.

samaya-sthitimthe fixed time/limit
samaya-sthitim:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootsamaya (प्रातिपदिक) + sthiti (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग (f.), द्वितीया विभक्ति (Acc. 2), एकवचन (sg.); षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (genitive determinative): ‘समयस्य स्थितिः’
ullaṅghyahaving transgressed
ullaṅghya:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeVerb
Rootud-√laṅgh (धातु)
Formक्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund), अव्ययभावः; ‘having overstepped’
yadāwhen
yadā:
Kāla-adhikaraṇa (कालाधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootyadā (अव्यय)
Formकालवाचक-अव्यय (temporal adverb)
śakreṇaby Indra (Śakra)
śakreṇa:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootśakra (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (m.), तृतीया विभक्ति (Inst. 3), एकवचन (sg.)
ghātitaḥwas slain
ghātitaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता) (of passive predicate; patient-subject)
TypeVerb
Root√han/ghāt (धातु)
Formकर्मणि क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (past passive participle), पुंलिङ्ग (m.), प्रथमा विभक्ति (Nom. 1), एकवचन (sg.)
vṛtraḥVṛtra
vṛtraḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootvṛtra (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (m.), प्रथमा विभक्ति (Nom. 1), एकवचन (sg.)
hatyā-abhibhūtasyaof (him) overcome by the sin of slaying
hatyā-abhibhūtasya:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeAdjective
Roothatyā (प्रातिपदिक) + abhi-√bhū (धातु)
Formषष्ठी विभक्ति (Gen. 6), एकवचन (sg.); ‘हत्या’ इति उपपदपूर्वक-तत्पुरुषः; ‘हत्या’ (sin of killing) द्वारा ‘अभिभूत’ (overcome) — ‘of (Indra) overcome by the sin of killing’
tadāthen
tadā:
Kāla-adhikaraṇa (कालाधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottadā (अव्यय)
Formकालवाचक-अव्यय (temporal adverb)
balamstrength
balam:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootbala (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग (n.), प्रथमा/द्वितीया विभक्ति (Nom./Acc. 1/2), एकवचन (sg.); अत्र कर्तृपदं (subject)
aśīryatawas destroyed/waned
aśīryata:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√śṝ (धातु)
Formलङ् (Imperfect, past), आत्मनेपद (Ā.), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन (sg.); कर्मणि/भावे प्रयोगः: ‘was shattered/decayed’
Narrative voice within the Markandeya Purana’s early account (frame-speaker not determinable from single verse excerpt)

{ "primaryRasa": "karuṇa", "secondaryRasa": "dharmya", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Indra (Śakra)
DharmaKarmic consequenceSin (pāpa) and expiationKingship/leadership ethicsCovenant-keeping

FAQs

Even a seemingly ‘necessary’ victory becomes ethically corrosive when achieved by violating agreed limits (samaya). The verse frames moral law as operative even for gods: breach of dharma produces immediate inner diminishment—here, Indra’s bala—showing that power is sustained by righteousness and collapses under guilt/pāpa.

This passage aligns most closely with Vaṃśānucarita / narrative of divine and heroic lineages and deeds (accounts of gods’ actions and their consequences). It also touches Manvantara-style moral governance themes, but it is not a direct manvantara enumeration here.

Vṛtra can be read symbolically as a ‘bound’ condition (obstruction) that must be overcome, yet the means matter: transgressing samaya indicates victory by adharmic method. The ensuing loss of bala suggests that spiritual/psychic potency (tejas/bala) depends on integrity; when conscience is ‘overwhelmed by hatyā,’ vitality and sovereignty leak away.