Shloka 75

Adhyaya 49 — Primordial Human Creation, the Rise of Desire, and the Origins of Settlements, Measures, and Agriculture

Sanskrit

संसिद्धायान्तु वार्तायां ततस्तासां स्वयं प्रभुः ।

मर्यादां स्थापयामास यथान्यायं यथागुणम् ॥

Transliteration

saṃsiddhāyāṃ tu vārtāyāṃ tatas tāsāṃ svayaṃ prabhuḥ | maryādāṃ sthāpayāmāsa yathānyāyaṃ yathāguṇam ||

Translation

Khi hệ thống mưu sinh (vārttā) đã được hoàn thiện, chính Đấng Chúa Tể thiết lập ranh giới và quy chế cho chúng, theo lẽ công bằng và theo các phẩm tính.

Word by Word

• संसिद्धायाम्: when (it) was accomplished
• संसिद्धायाम्: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/Location-Condition)
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम् + सिध् (धातु) + त (कृत्)
• Form: भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (past passive participle) 'संसिद्ध'; स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन (Singular); 'when/while (it) was accomplished'

• तु: then/indeed
• तु: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; विशेष/विरोध (particle)

• वार्तायाम्: in agriculture/means of livelihood
• वार्तायाम्: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/Context)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वार्ता (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन (Singular)

• ततः: then
• ततः: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; अनन्तरार्थ (then)

• तासाम्: of them
• तासाम्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), बहुवचन (Plural)

• स्वयम्: himself
• स्वयम्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/qualifier)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: स्वयम् (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; आत्मनः (reflexive adverb: oneself)

• प्रभुः: the Lord/master
• प्रभुः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रभु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन (Singular)

• मर्यादाम्: a boundary/limit; rule
• मर्यादाम्: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मर्यादा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन (Singular)

• स्थापयामास: established
• स्थापयामास: Kriya (क्रिया/Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: स्था (धातु) + णिच् (causative)
• Form: लिट्-लकार (Periphrastic perfect), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (Singular); णिजन्त (causative): 'caused to be established/established'

• यथा: according to
• यथा: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यथा (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; प्रकारवाचक (adverb: according to/as)

• न्यायम्: justice/propriety
• न्यायम्: Hetu/Prakāra (हेतु/प्रकार/Mode)
• Type: Noun
• Root: न्याय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन (Singular); अव्ययीभावार्थे क्रियाविशेषणवत् (used adverbially: 'according to justice')

• यथा: according to
• यथा: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यथा (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; प्रकारवाचक (adverb: according to)

• गुणम्: quality/merit
• गुणम्: Prakāra (प्रकार/Mode)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गुण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन (Singular); अव्ययीभावार्थे क्रियाविशेषणवत् (used adverbially: 'according to merit/quality')

Speakers

• Not specified in input

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "dharma", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Social order
• Justice (nyāya)
• Regulation (maryādā)
• Guṇa-based duties

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Economic success must be followed by ethical regulation: prosperity without maryādā becomes disorder; dharma channels wealth and labor toward justice.

How does this fit the Pancalakṣaṇa (5 characteristics)?

Vaṃśānucarita/ācāra-adjacent material: institutional ordering of society; not genealogy itself, but the normative framework that sustains lineages and worlds.

What is the esoteric significance?

Maryādā is the inner ‘boundary’ that makes power safe—discipline that prevents the fruits of karma from turning into bondage.