Shloka 46

Adhyaya 45 — Jaimini’s Cosmological Questions and the Opening of Markandeya’s Account of Primary Creation

Sanskrit

तस्मिंस्तस्मिंस्तु तन्मात्रं तेन तन्मात्रता स्मृता ।

अविशेषवाचकत्वादविशेषास्ततः च ते ॥

Transliteration

tasmiṃstasmiṃstu tanmātraṃ tena tanmātratā smṛtā / aviśeṣavācakatvādaviśeṣāstataśca te

Translation

Trong mỗi (đại chủng) đều có vi tế tố tương ứng; vì thế được ghi nhớ là “tính tanmātra”. Và vì nó biểu hiện cái phi đặc thù (chưa phân biệt), nên các tanmātra ấy được gọi là phi đặc thù.

Word by Word

• tasmin: in that
• tasmin: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Sarvanāma tad; Saptamī (सप्तमी) Ekavacana; locative ‘in that’

• tasmin: in that (each)
• tasmin: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Sarvanāma tad; Saptamī Ekavacana; repetition for distributive sense ‘in each (of those)’

• tu: but/indeed
• tu: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tu (अव्यय)
• Form: Virodha/Avadhāraṇa-nipāta (विरोध/अवधारण-निपात) particle

• tan-mātram: that subtle element (tanmātra)
• tan-mātram: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (प्रातिपदिक) + mātra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Tatpuruṣa (तत्पुरुष) ‘tasya mātram’; Napuṃsakaliṅga, Prathamā/Dvitīyā Ekavacana; here as subject/predicate ‘that subtle element alone’

• tena: by that; therefore
• tena: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Sarvanāma tad; Tṛtīyā (तृतीया) Ekavacana; instrumental ‘by that/therefore’

• tan-mātratā: the state of being a tanmātra
• tan-mātratā: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (प्रातिपदिक) + mātratā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Tatpuruṣa (तत्पुरुष) ‘tanmātrasya bhāvaḥ’; Strīliṅga, Prathamā Ekavacana; abstract noun ‘-ness’

• smṛtā: is called/known
• smṛtā: Kriyā (क्रियासमाना/Predicative)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √smṛ (धातु) + kta (क्त)
• Form: Kta-pratyaya PPP; Strīliṅga, Prathamā Ekavacana; agrees with tanmātratā; ‘is said/remembered’

• aviśeṣa-vācakatvāt: because of being expressive of non-distinction
• aviśeṣa-vācakatvāt: Hetu (हेतु/Reason)
• Type: Noun
• Root: aviśeṣa (प्रातिपदिक) + vācaka (प्रातिपदिक) + -tva (प्रत्यय)
• Form: Tatpuruṣa (तत्पुरुष) (aviśeṣasya vācakatvam); Napuṃsakaliṅga, Pañcamī Ekavacana; ablative ‘because of (their) denoting non-difference’

• aviśeṣāḥ: undifferentiated
• aviśeṣāḥ: Pradhāna-nirdeśa (विशेषण/Predicate)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: aviśeṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā Bahuvacana; predicate adjective

• tataḥ: therefore
• tataḥ: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Avyaya (अव्यय) adverbial ablative sense ‘therefore/from that’

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Samuccaya-nipāta conjunction

• te: they
• te: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Sarvanāma tad; Puṃliṅga, Prathamā Bahuvacana; subject ‘they’

Speakers

• Not explicitly indicated in the provided excerpt (cosmology narration within the Purāṇic discourse)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Cosmology
• Sāṅkhya
• Tanmātra definition
• Avyākṛta/undifferentiated potential
• Sarga

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

The verse clarifies that tanmātras are not gross, fully differentiated objects but subtle ‘mere’ potentials underlying sensory qualities. The takeaway is epistemic humility: what we grasp as definite forms rests on deeper, less differentiated strata.

How does this fit the Pancalakṣaṇa (5 characteristics)?

Sarga: it provides the technical characterization of tanmātras used in the creation sequence.

What is the esoteric significance?

Calling tanmātras ‘aviśeṣa’ points to a liminal zone between unmanifest and manifest—an intermediate subtlety where multiplicity is implied but not yet crystallized. Meditatively, it suggests tracing sensory experience back to its pre-conceptual seed.