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Markandeya Purana — Adhyaya 34, Shloka 118

Adhyaya 34Madālāsā’s Instruction on Sadācāra (Householder Conduct, Purity, and Daily Rites)

वसेन्नित्यं सुशीलेषु सहवासिषु पण्डितः । इत्येतत् कथितं पुत्र ! मया ते हितकाम्यया ॥

vasennityaṃ suśīleṣu sahavāsiṣu paṇḍitaḥ | ityetat kathitaṃ putra mayā te hitakāmyayā ||

Người có trí nên luôn sống giữa những người có hạnh kiểm đúng đắn, là bạn lành. Vì vậy, hỡi con, ta đã nói điều này với lòng mong cầu lợi ích cho con.

vasetshould dwell/live
vaset:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√vas (धातु)
Formविधिलिङ् (Optative/Potential), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (singular)
nityamalways
nityam:
Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootnitya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formअव्यय (adverb)
suśīleṣuamong the well-conducted/virtuous
suśīleṣu:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeAdjective
Rootsuśīla (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), बहुवचन (plural)
saha-vāsiṣuamong co-dwellers/companions
saha-vāsiṣu:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootsaha (उपसर्ग/अव्यय) + vāsin (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), बहुवचन (plural)
paṇḍitaḥa learned man
paṇḍitaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootpaṇḍita (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन (singular)
itithus
iti:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/quotative marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiti (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (quotative particle)
etatthis
etat:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootetad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd), एकवचन (singular)
kathitamhas been said/told
kathitam:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√kath (धातु) + kta (कृत् प्रत्यय)
Formकृत्-प्रत्ययान्त (past passive participle/क्त), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन (singular)
putraO son
putra:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootputra (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (Vocative), एकवचन (singular)
mayāby me
mayā:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootasmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formउत्तमपुरुष-सर्वनाम, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन (singular)
teto you/for you
te:
Sampradāna (सम्प्रदान)
TypeNoun
Rootyusmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formमध्यमपुरुष-सर्वनाम, चतुर्थी (4th/Dative), एकवचन (singular)
hita-kāmyayāwith the desire for your welfare
hita-kāmyayā:
Hetu/Prayojana (हेतु/प्रयोजन)
TypeAdjective
Roothita (प्रातिपदिक) + kāmyā (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन (singular)
Madālasā (instructor) addressing her son (Alarka) within the Alarkānuśāsana discourse

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "bhakti", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

DharmaSadācāraSaṅga (company/association)Ethical instruction

FAQs

Character is shaped by association: the text recommends intentional proximity to the virtuous (suśīla) as a practical means of sustaining dharma and restraining harmful habits.

This passage is primarily dharma-upadeśa (ethical instruction) rather than a core pañcalakṣaṇa unit (sarga/pratisarga/vaṃśa/manvantara/vaṃśānucarita). It appears as didactic material embedded in narrative.

On a subtler level, “dwelling with the virtuous” can be read as keeping one’s mind (antaḥkaraṇa) in the company of sattvic tendencies—cultivating inner saṅga with clarity, restraint, and truth.