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Shloka 33

Adhyaya 28Alarka Inquires into Varna and Ashrama Dharma; Madalasa Defines the Fourfold Duties

एते संक्षेपतः प्रोक्ता धर्मा वर्णाश्रमेषु ते । एतेषु च स्वधर्मेषु स्वेषु तिष्ठेत् समन्ततः ॥

ete saṃkṣepataḥ proktā dharmā varṇāśrameṣu te | eteṣu ca svadharmeṣu sveṣu tiṣṭhet samantataḥ ||

Những pháp ấy đã được dạy cho ngươi một cách vắn tắt, dành cho các varṇa và các āśrama. Trong các bổn phận tương ứng ấy, mỗi người nên an trú vững chắc mọi bề (tức trong mọi phương diện).

etethese
ete:
Karta (कर्ता/subject)
TypeNoun
Rootetad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormSarvanāma, Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Bahuvacana
saṃkṣepataḥbriefly; in summary
saṃkṣepataḥ:
Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण/adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootsaṃkṣepa (प्रातिपदिक) + tas (तसिल्)
FormAvyaya (adverb/क्रियाविशेषण) formed with -tas (तसिल्): 'briefly/in summary'
proktāḥhave been declared
proktāḥ:
Kriyā (क्रिया/predicate)
TypeVerb
Rootpra-√vac (धातु) + kta (कृत्)
FormKṛdanta PPP (क्त); Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Bahuvacana; agrees with dharmāḥ; passive sense 'have been stated'
dharmāḥduties; dharmas
dharmāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/subject)
TypeNoun
Rootdharma (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Prathamā, Bahuvacana
varṇa-āśrameṣuin (the system of) varṇas and āśramas
varṇa-āśrameṣu:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/domain)
TypeNoun
Rootvarṇa (प्रातिपदिक) + āśrama (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Saptamī, Bahuvacana; Dvandva (itaretara): varṇeṣu ca āśrameṣu ca (in the varṇas and āśramas)
tefor you; to you
te:
Sampradāna (सम्प्रदान/for you)
TypeNoun
Rootyusmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormSarvanāma, Caturthī (Dative), Ekavacana
eteṣuamong these; in these
eteṣu:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/locative)
TypeNoun
Rootetad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormSarvanāma, Puṃliṅga, Saptamī, Bahuvacana
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya, conjunction
sva-dharmeṣuin one’s own duties
sva-dharmeṣu:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/locative)
TypeNoun
Rootsva (प्रातिपदिक) + dharma (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Saptamī, Bahuvacana; Tatpuruṣa: svāḥ dharmāḥ (one's own duties)
sveṣuin their own (respective)
sveṣu:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootsva (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Saptamī, Bahuvacana; adjective/pronominal 'in one’s own (respective)' qualifying (svadharmeṣu)
tiṣṭhetshould remain/abide
tiṣṭhet:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√sthā (धातु)
FormVidhi-liṅ lakāra (Optative/विधिलिङ्), Prathama puruṣa (3rd person/प्रथम), Ekavacana; parasmaipada
samantataḥeverywhere; entirely
samantataḥ:
Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootsamanta (प्रातिपदिक) + tas (तसिल्)
FormAvyaya adverb with -tas: 'on all sides/entirely'
Not specified in input

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "dharma", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Varṇāśrama-dharmaSvadharmaMoral steadiness

FAQs

The teaching culminates in svadharma-niṣṭhā: stability in one’s rightly assigned duties is portrayed as the practical axis of righteous life.

Ethical-social instruction; not directly one of the five, but a Purāṇic reinforcement of dharmic continuity across time.

‘Standing firmly’ indicates integration: virtue is not episodic but becomes the practitioner’s steady ground, supporting higher knowledge and freedom from inner fragmentation.