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Markandeya Purana — Adhyaya 14, Shloka 53

Adhyaya 14The Messenger of Yama Explains Karmic Retribution and the Causes of Naraka Torments

देवतातिथिभूतेषु भृत्येष्वभ्यागतेषु च ।

अभुक्तवत्सु येऽश्नन्ति तद्वत् पित्रग्निपक्षिषु ॥

devatātithibhūteṣu bhṛtyeṣvabhyāgateṣu ca / abhuktavatsu ye 'śnanti tadvat pitragnipakṣiṣu

Những kẻ ăn khi chư thần, khách, các chúng sinh nương nhờ, người hầu và người mới đến chưa được cho ăn—cũng đáng trách như vậy đối với tổ tiên, lửa thiêng và loài chim.

devatā-atithi-bhūteṣuamong gods, guests, and beings
devatā-atithi-bhūteṣu:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootdevatā (प्रातिपदिक) + atithi (प्रातिपदिक) + bhūta (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग-समाहार (collective), सप्तमी (Locative/अधिकरण), बहुवचन; समासः—द्वन्द्व (gods, guests, beings)
bhṛtyeṣuamong servants/dependents
bhṛtyeṣu:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootbhṛtya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (Locative/अधिकरण), बहुवचन
abhyāgateṣuamong those who have come (arrived guests)
abhyāgateṣu:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootabhi-ā-gam (धातु) + ta (कृत्)
Formभूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (past passive participle) used substantively, पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (Locative), बहुवचन
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयार्थक अव्यय
abhuktavatsuwhile they remain unfed
abhuktavatsu:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeAdjective
Roota-bhukta (प्रातिपदिक) + vat (तद्धित)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग/पुंलिङ्ग (contextual), सप्तमी (Locative/अधिकरण), बहुवचन; 'vat' = possessing the state; a-bhukta = not eaten; विशेषणम् (devatā... etc. understood)
yethose who
ye:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootyad (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (Nominative/कर्ता), बहुवचन; सम्बन्धबोधक सर्वनाम
aśnantieat
aśnanti:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootaś (धातु)
Formलट् (Present), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन
tadvatlikewise
tadvat:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottadvat (अव्यय)
Formतुलनार्थक अव्यय (like that/in the same way)
pitṛ-agni-pakṣiṣuamong ancestors, (sacred) fire, and birds
pitṛ-agni-pakṣiṣu:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootpitṛ (प्रातिपदिक) + agni (प्रातिपदिक) + pakṣin (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (Locative/अधिकरण), बहुवचन; समासः—द्वन्द्व (ancestors, fire, birds)
Not specified in input; didactic narration on household dharma and karmic consequence.

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "bhakti", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

DharmaDuties of a GrihasthaHospitalityPitri PujaAgnihotra ethos

FAQs

Householder life is framed as service: one eats righteously only after honoring the proper recipients—deities (worship), guests (hospitality), dependents/creatures (compassion), servants (duty), ancestors and fire (ritual order).

Dharma instruction; ancillary to the Purāṇic corpus rather than a pañcalakṣaṇa narrative unit.

The ‘order of feeding’ symbolizes the ordering of consciousness: higher obligations first (sacred/relational duties), personal consumption last—training the ego to serve rather than seize.