Markandeya Purana — Adhyaya 14, Shloka 27

Adhyaya 14 — The Messenger of Yama Explains Karmic Retribution and the Causes of Naraka Torments

Sanskrit

अपथ्याशनशीतोष्ण-श्रमतापादिकारकम् ।

तथान्योऽन्यमपेक्षन्ते पापानि फलसङ्गमे ॥

Transliteration

apathyāśanaśītoṣṇa-śramatāpādikārakam / tathānyo 'nyamapekṣante pāpāni phalasaṅgame

Translation

Tạo ra các quả như ăn uống bất thiện, lạnh và nóng, mệt nhọc, sốt và những điều tương tự—các tội lỗi vì thế nương tựa lẫn nhau khi các quả của chúng hội tụ để cùng chín muồi.

Word by Word

• apathya-aśana-śīta-uṣṇa-śrama-tāpa-ādi-kārakam: causing improper food, cold/heat, fatigue, fever, etc.
• apathya-aśana-śīta-uṣṇa-śrama-tāpa-ādi-kārakam: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: apathya + aśana + śīta + uṣṇa + śrama + tāpa + ādi + kāraka (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; बहुपद-तत्पुरुष (determinative: 'causing improper diet, cold/heat, fatigue, fever, etc.')

• tathā: likewise
• tathā: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tathā (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; प्रकारवाचक

• anyaḥ: one (thing)
• anyaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: anya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा विभक्ति, एकवचन (Masculine, Nominative, Singular)

• anyam: another (thing)
• anyam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: anya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया विभक्ति, एकवचन (Masculine, Accusative, Singular)

• apekṣante: depend on/require
• apekṣante: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: apa-√īkṣ (धातु)
• Form: लट् (वर्तमान), प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन; आत्मनेपद (Present indicative, 3rd person plural, Ātmanepada)

• pāpāni: sins
• pāpāni: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pāpa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, बहुवचन (Neuter, Nom/Acc, Plural)

• phala-saṅgame: at the convergence of results
• phala-saṅgame: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: phala + saṅgama (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी विभक्ति, एकवचन (Masculine, Locative, Singular); तत्पुरुष (phala-saṅgama = 'conjunction/coming together of results')

Speakers

• Dialogue setting (speaker not specified in the provided excerpt)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "karuna", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Complex causality
• Karmic convergence
• Health and conduct
• Ethics

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Karma is networked: multiple faults can compound into a single crisis when their results mature together. Ethical life requires addressing patterns, not only isolated acts.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Didactic Dharma/karma analysis; outside the primary five-fold Purāṇic taxonomy.

What is the esoteric significance?

‘Fruits converging’ points to synchronized ripening of latent impressions. Spiritual disciplines aim to disentangle these knots (granthi) before they manifest as compounded suffering.