Shloka 11

Adhyaya 13 — The Son’s Account of Hell and the Question of Unseen Sin

Sanskrit

विपश्चिदिति विख्यातो जनकानामहं कुले ।

जातो विदेहविषये सम्यङ्मनुजपालकः ॥

Transliteration

vipaścid iti vikhyāto janakānām ahaṃ kule | jāto videhaviṣaye samyaṅ-manuja-pālakaḥ

Translation

Ta được biết đến với danh xưng Vipaścit, sinh trong dòng dõi các vua Janaka tại xứ Videha, là bậc quân vương đã bảo hộ dân chúng một cách đúng đắn.

Word by Word

• vipaścit: Vipaścit (the wise one)
• vipaścit: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vipaścit (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; नाम/उपाधि

• iti: thus
• iti: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Quotation marker)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: iti (अव्यय)
• Form: उक्त्यर्थक-अव्यय (quotative particle)

• vikhyātaḥ: renowned
• vikhyātaḥ: Kriyā (क्रिया/Predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: vi-khyā (धातु)
• Form: क्त (past passive participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; कर्तरि प्रयोग (renowned)

• janakānām: of the Janakas
• janakānām: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Possessor)
• Type: Noun
• Root: janaka (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), बहुवचन

• aham: I
• aham: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: उत्तमपुरुष-सर्वनाम, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• kule: in the lineage
• kule: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/Location)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kula (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन

• jātaḥ: born
• jātaḥ: Kriyā (क्रिया/Predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: jan (धातु)
• Form: क्त (past passive participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; कर्तरि प्रयोग (born)

• videha-viṣaye: in the land of Videha
• videha-viṣaye: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/Location)
• Type: Noun
• Root: videha (प्रातिपदिक) + viṣaya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (विदेहस्य विषयः)

• samyaṅ: properly
• samyaṅ: Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रिया-विशेषण/Adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: samyañc (अव्यय/निपातवत्)
• Form: क्रियाविशेषण (adverb)

• manuja-pālakaḥ: protector of people
• manuja-pālakaḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Predicate nominative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: manuja (प्रातिपदिक) + pālaka (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (मनुजानां पालकः)

Speakers

• Vipaścit speaking (self-introduction)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "karuna", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Royal dharma
• Genealogy (Janaka lineage)
• Reputation vs karmic outcome

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Social status and fame do not exempt one from karmic scrutiny; even an exemplary ruler must account for specific lapses, if any.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Touches Vaṃśa/Vaṃśānucarita through dynastic identification (Janaka lineage), while serving an ethical narrative purpose.

What is the esoteric significance?

‘Vipaścit’ (the discerning) in hell creates a deliberate paradox: discernment must be applied not only in governance but in subtle ethical domains (intention, omission, hidden harm).