Shloka 29

Adhyaya 1 — Jaimini’s Questions on the Mahabharata and the Origin of the Wise Birds

Sanskrit

स तेनर्षिवरिष्ठेन दृष्टमात्रः शचीपतिः ।

समुत्तस्थौ स्वकं चास्मै ददावासनमादरात् ॥

Transliteration

sa tenarṣivariṣṭhena dṛṣṭamātraḥ śacīpatiḥ /

samuttasthau svakaṃ cāsmai dadāvāsanam ādarāt

Translation

Vừa được bậc hiền triết tối thượng ấy trông thấy, chúa của Śacī (Indra) liền đứng dậy ngay và cung kính dâng chính chỗ ngồi của mình cho ngài.

Word by Word

• saḥ: he (Śakra)
• saḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative, 1st), एकवचन (Singular)

• tena: by him
• tena: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Masc/Neut), तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental, 3rd), एकवचन (Singular)

• ṛṣi-variṣṭhena: by the best of sages
• ṛṣi-variṣṭhena: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ṛṣi (प्रातिपदिक) + variṣṭha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental, 3rd), एकवचन (Singular); समासः—षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (ṛṣīṇām variṣṭhaḥ = ‘best of sages’)

• dṛṣṭa-mātraḥ: as soon as he was seen
• dṛṣṭa-mātraḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण) of śacīpatiḥ
• Type: Adjective
• Root: dṛṣṭa (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; √dṛś) + mātra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative, 1st), एकवचन (Singular); अव्ययीभावः—‘dṛṣṭa-mātram’ = ‘only upon being seen/at mere sight’ (here used adjectivally: ‘having been merely seen’)

• śacī-patiḥ: Śacī’s lord (Indra)
• śacī-patiḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śacī (प्रातिपदिक) + pati (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative, 1st), एकवचन (Singular); समासः—षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (śacyāḥ patiḥ = ‘husband of Śacī’)

• sam-uttasthau: rose up
• sam-uttasthau: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: sthā (धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकार (Perfect), परस्मैपद (Parasmaipada), प्रथम-पुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (Singular); उपसर्गौ—सम् + उत्

• svakam: his own
• svakam: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण) of āsanam
• Type: Adjective
• Root: svaka (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative, 2nd), एकवचन (Singular)

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)

• asmai: to him
• asmai: Sampradāna (सम्प्रदान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: idam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), चतुर्थी-विभक्ति (Dative, 4th), एकवचन (Singular)

• dadau: gave
• dadau: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: dā (धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकार (Perfect), परस्मैपद (Parasmaipada), प्रथम-पुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (Singular)

• āsanam: a seat
• āsanam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: āsana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative, 2nd), एकवचन (Singular)

• ādarāt: out of respect
• ādarāt: Hetu (हेतु)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ādara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), पञ्चमी-विभक्ति (Ablative, 5th), एकवचन (Singular)

Speakers

• Narrative voice (sūta-style narration within the Purāṇa’s opening); not part of Devi Māhātmyam

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "bhakti", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Primary Deities

• Indra (Śacīpati)

Key Themes

• Dharma
• Respect for sages
• Hospitality and honor (satkāra)
• Royal/Deva etiquette

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Even the king of the gods models dharmic conduct: immediate rising and offering a seat to a realized sage signifies humility, recognition of spiritual authority, and the primacy of brahma-tejas over worldly power.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

This verse functions as frame-narrative dharma/ācāra material rather than a direct pañcalakṣaṇa item. Indirectly it supports 'vaṃśānucarita' (accounts of exemplary conduct) by portraying ideal behavior of a leading deity.

What is the esoteric significance?

Indra’s rising symbolizes the ascent of egoic sovereignty yielding before higher insight (ṛṣi-jñāna). The offering of one’s own seat points to surrender of status and the inner 'āsana' (establishedness) being ceded to wisdom.