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Mahabharata — Virata Parva, Shloka 17

Adhyāya 55: Pārtha–Rādheya Saṃvāda and Tactical Exchange

Chapter 55

रथशक्तिममित्राणां प्रागेव निपतद्‌ भुवि । सो5पयात्‌ सहसा पश्चात्‌ साहसाच्चाभ्युपेयिवान्‌

rathaśaktim amitrāṇāṃ prāg eva nipatad bhuvi | so 'payāt sahasā paścāt sāhasāc cābhyupeyivān |

Vaiśampāyana nói: Arjuna đã đánh gục vũ khí chiến xa (ratha-weapon) của quân địch, khiến nó rơi xuống đất từ trước. Rồi, cho rằng giết kẻ đã trở nên bất lực là một sự liều lĩnh không hợp đạo, chàng rút khỏi chỗ ấy; nhưng thấy họ lại sửa soạn giao chiến, chàng quay lại đối mặt lần nữa.

रथशक्तिम्the chariot-spear (weapon)
रथशक्तिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootरथशक्ति
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
अमित्राणाम्of the enemies
अमित्राणाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootअमित्र
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
प्राक्beforehand
प्राक्:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootप्राक्
एवindeed/just
एव:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
निपतत्fell down
निपतत्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootनिपत्
FormImperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
भुविon the ground
भुवि:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootभू
FormFeminine, Locative, Singular
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अपयात्withdrew/went away
अपयात्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootअप-या
FormImperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
सहसाsuddenly/impetuously
सहसा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसहसा
पश्चात्afterwards
पश्चात्:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपश्चात्
साहसात्from rashness/impetuosity
साहसात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootसाहस
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular
and
:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अभ्युपेयिवान्having approached/came near
अभ्युपेयिवान्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootअभि-उप-इ (उपेयिवस्)
FormPerfect active participle (कृत्: क्वसुँ/वस्), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
शत्रून्enemies
शत्रून्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशत्रु
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
A
Arjuna
E
enemies (Virāṭa’s opposing warriors in context)
R
rathaśakti (chariot-spear/weapon)

Educational Q&A

Even in warfare, dharma requires restraint: striking down the helpless is treated as improper audacity. Force should be proportionate and directed only against those who remain a genuine threat.

Arjuna disables the enemies’ chariot-weapon so it falls to the ground. He then withdraws, considering it wrong to kill opponents rendered powerless; but when they again show readiness to fight, he returns to engage them.