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Shloka 2

Keśinī’s Inquiry to Bāhuka and the Emotional Signs of Concealed Identity (केशिन्याः बाहुकपरीक्षा)

तथा प्रयाते तु रथे तदा भाज़सुरिनृप: । उत्तरीयमधो<पश्यद्‌ भ्रष्ट परपुरंजय:,जब रथ इस प्रकार तीव्र गतिसे दौड़ रहा था, उसी समय शत्रुओंके नगरोंको जीतनेवाले राजा ऋतुपर्णने देखा, उनका उत्तरीय वस्त्र नीचे गिर गया है

tathā prayāte tu rathe tadā bhājasurinṛpaḥ | uttarīyam adho 'paśyad bhraṣṭaṃ parapuraṃjayaḥ ||

Khi cỗ xe lao đi dữ dội như thế, vua R̥tuparṇa—bậc chinh phục thành trì của kẻ thù—chợt thấy chiếc áo choàng trên (uttarīya) của mình đã tuột và rơi xuống.

तथाthus, in that manner
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
प्रयातेhad gone / was proceeding
प्रयाते:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-या (धातु: या)
Formलिट् (Perfect), 3, singular, Parasmaipada
तुbut, indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
रथेin the chariot
रथे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootरथ
Formmasculine, locative, singular
तदाthen, at that time
तदा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतदा
भासुरि-नृपःthe splendid king
भासुरि-नृपः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनृप
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
उत्तरीयम्upper garment
उत्तरीयम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootउत्तरीय
Formneuter, accusative, singular
अधःdownwards, below
अधः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअधः
अपश्यत्saw
अपश्यत्:
TypeVerb
Rootअव-√दृश् (धातु: दृश्)
Formलङ् (Imperfect), 3, singular, Parasmaipada
भ्रष्टम्fallen, slipped off
भ्रष्टम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootभ्रष्ट (कृदन्त, √भ्रंश्)
Formneuter, accusative, singular
परपुरंजयःconqueror of enemy cities
परपुरंजयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपर-पुर-जय
Formmasculine, nominative, singular

बृहदश्च उवाच

B
Bṛhadaśva
Ṛtupārṇa
C
chariot (ratha)
U
upper garment (uttarīya)

Educational Q&A

Even in haste and high-stakes movement, one should not abandon awareness of propriety and self-discipline; the king’s notice of his fallen garment reflects the dharmic ideal of composure and decorum amid urgency.

As the chariot rushes forward, King Ṛtupārṇa (described as a conqueror of enemy cities) observes that his upper garment has slipped and fallen, a small but telling detail within the travel episode narrated by Bṛhadaśva.