Shloka 53

Adhyāya 188: Mārkaṇḍeya’s Account of Yuga-Decline and the Restoration Motif

Kali-yuga to Kalki

Devanagari script

मनुना च प्रजा: सर्वा: सदेवासुरमानुषा: । स्रष्टव्या: सर्वलोकाश्ष यच्चेड़ं यच्च नेड़ति

Transliteration

manunā ca prajāḥ sarvāḥ sadevāsuramānuṣāḥ | sraṣṭavyāḥ sarvalokāś ca yac cedaṃ yac ca neḍati ||

Translation

Mārkaṇḍeya nói: “Nhờ Manu, mọi loài—chư thiên, asura và loài người—phải được sinh thành, cùng hết thảy các thế giới; quả thật, mọi điều hiện hữu nơi đây, và cả những gì bất động (trơ lì), đều phải được tạo dựng.”

Word by Word

• मनुना: by Manu
• मनुना: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: मनु
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• प्रजाः: creatures; subjects
• प्रजाः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रजा
• Form: Feminine, Nominative, Plural

• सर्वाः: all
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सर्व
• Form: Feminine, Nominative, Plural

• सदेव: together with the gods
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स + देव
• Form: Feminine, Nominative, Plural

• असुर: demons (asuras)
• Type: Noun
• Root: असुर
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• मानुषाः: humans
• Type: Noun
• Root: मानुष
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• स्रष्टव्याः: to be created; should be created
• Type: Verb
• Root: सृज्
• Form: Gerundive (तव्यत्), Feminine, Nominative, Plural, Passive necessity

• सर्वलोकाः: all the worlds
• सर्वलोकाः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: सर्वलोक
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• यत्: whatever; that which
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद्
• Form: Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• इदम्: this
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: इदम्
• Form: Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular

• यत्: whatever; that which
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद्
• Form: Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• नेडति: moves/acts (reading uncertain)
• Type: Verb
• Root: निड्/निड् (अनिश्चित-पाठ)
• Form: Present, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada

Speaker

मार्कण्डेय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Mārkaṇḍeya
• Manu
• Devas
• Asuras
• Humans
• All worlds (sarvaloka)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse frames creation as an ordered, comprehensive act associated with Manu: all classes of beings and all realms are included, suggesting a moral-cosmic order in which society and the universe are structured under a primordial lawgiver.

What is happening in the narrative?

Mārkaṇḍeya continues a discourse describing origins: he states that Manu was charged with bringing forth all beings—devas, asuras, humans—and all worlds, encompassing both the moving and the inert aspects of existence.