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Shloka 13

Brāhmaṇa-māhātmya: Tārkṣya’s instruction on tapas, satya, and svadharma

Chapter 182

तिर्यग्योन्या: पृथग्भावो मनुष्यार्थे विधीयते । गवादिशभ्यस्तथाश्रेभ्यो देवत्वमपि दृश्यते,फिर मनुष्य-जन्मकी प्राप्तिके लिये उसका तिर्यक्‌-योनिसे उद्धार होता है। गौओं तथा अश्वोंको भी उस योनिसे छुटकारा मिलकर देवत्वकी प्राप्ति होती है, यह बात देखी जाती है

tiryagyonyāḥ pṛthagbhāvo manuṣyārthe vidhīyate | gavādiśabhyas tathāśrebhyo devatvam api dṛśyate ||

Sự thoát khỏi kiếp súc sinh được an bài vì mục đích đạt đến địa vị làm người. Quả thật cũng thấy rằng những loài như bò và ngựa, khi được giải khỏi cảnh ấy, thậm chí còn có thể đạt đến thần tính. (Vì thế con rắn chỉ ra nấc thang thăng tiến của hữu tình qua các đời sinh, nơi hạnh nghiệp và số phận có thể nâng kẻ ở thân thấp lên những bậc cao hơn.)

तिर्यग्योन्याःof the animal-womb/animal state
तिर्यग्योन्याः:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootतिर्यग्योनि
FormFeminine, Genitive, Singular
पृथग्भावःseparation; being set apart (i.e., release)
पृथग्भावः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपृथग्भाव
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
मनुष्य-अर्थेfor the purpose of (becoming) human
मनुष्य-अर्थे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootमनुष्य-अर्थ
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
विधीयतेis ordained; is prescribed; is effected
विधीयते:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootधा (वि + धा)
FormPresent, Passive, Third, Singular
गव-आदिभ्यःfrom cows and the like
गव-आदिभ्यः:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootगव-आदि
FormMasculine, Ablative, Plural
तथाlikewise; similarly
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
अश्वेभ्यःfrom horses
अश्वेभ्यः:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootअश्व
FormMasculine, Ablative, Plural
देवत्वम्divinity; godhood
देवत्वम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदेवत्व
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
अपिalso; even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
दृश्यतेis seen; is observed
दृश्यते:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
FormPresent, Passive/Atmanepada (impersonal sense), Third, Singular

सर्प उवाच

S
sarpāḥ (the serpent, speaker)
G
gauḥ (cow)
A
aśvaḥ (horse)
T
tiryagyoni (animal birth)
D
devatva (divine status)

Educational Q&A

The verse teaches a karmic and dharmic progression of embodied life: beings can be lifted from animal birth toward human birth, and in some cases even toward divine status. It underscores moral causality and the possibility of spiritual ascent across births.

A serpent is speaking and uses examples (cows and horses) to argue that release from an animal condition and ascent to higher states is a known principle. The statement supports a broader instruction about karma, destiny, and the graded outcomes of conduct.