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Shloka 23

Pradyumna–Śālva Missile-Exchange at Saubha (Āraṇyaka Parva, Adhyāya 18)

धिग्वाचा परिहासो5पि मम वा मद्विधस्य वा । मृत्युनाभ्यधिक: सौते स त्वं मा व्यपया: पुनः:,'सूतकुमार! मेरे अथवा मेरे-जैसे किसी भी पुरुषके लिये धिक्कारयुक्त वाणीद्वारा कोई परिहास भी कर दे तो वह मृत्युसे भी अधिक कष्ट देनेवाला है; अतः तू फिर कभी युद्ध छोड़कर न भागना

dhig vācā parihāso 'pi mama vā madvidhasya vā | mṛtyunābhyadhikaḥ saute sa tvaṃ mā vyapāyāḥ punaḥ ||

Vāyu nói: “Dẫu chỉ là một lời đùa thốt ra với tiếng ‘dhik!’ khinh miệt—nhắm vào ta hay vào bất kỳ người nào như ta—cũng làm đau đớn hơn cả cái chết, hỡi con của người đánh xe. Vì vậy, từ nay chớ bao giờ quay lưng mà chạy trốn khỏi chiến địa nữa.”

धिक्fie! shame!
धिक्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootधिक्
FormAvyaya (interjection)
वाचाby speech/words
वाचा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootवाच्
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
परिहासःa jest/mockery
परिहासः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपरिहास
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अपिeven/also
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
FormAvyaya
ममof me/my
मम:
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormGenitive, Singular
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
FormAvyaya
मद्विधस्यof one like me
मद्विधस्य:
TypeAdjective
Rootमद्विध
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
FormAvyaya
मृत्युनाthan death / by death
मृत्युना:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootमृत्यु
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
अभ्यधिकःgreater/more severe
अभ्यधिकः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअभ्यधिक
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सौतेO charioteer’s son (Suta’s son)!
सौते:
TypeNoun
Rootसूत
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
सःthat/it/he
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
त्वम्you
त्वम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormNominative, Singular
माdo not
मा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootमा
FormProhibitive particle
व्यपयाःgo away/withdraw/retreat
व्यपयाः:
TypeVerb
Rootवि + अप + या
FormImperative (lot), 2nd person, Singular; Parasmaipada
पुनःagain
पुनः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुनः
FormAvyaya

वायुदेव उवाच

V
Vāyu (Vāyudeva)
S
Sūta-kumāra (son of a charioteer/bard; addressed as ‘Saute’)
M
Mṛtyu (Death, as a comparison)

Educational Q&A

Contemptuous speech and public dishonor can be more painful than death; therefore one should uphold courage and not abandon one’s duty—here, the duty to stand firm in battle.

Vāyu addresses a ‘son of a sūta’ and rebukes him, warning that shameful mockery is unbearable; he commands him not to withdraw and run away from the fight again.