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Shloka 20

Āraṇyaka-parva, Adhyāya 17 — Śālva’s encampment and the Yādava counter-engagement at Dvārakā

हाहाकृतमभूत्‌ सैन्यं शाल्वस्य पृथिवीपते । नष्टसंज्ञे निपतिते तदा सौभपतौ नृूपे,पृथ्वीपते! उस समय सौभ विमानका स्वामी राजा शाल्व जब संज्ञाशून्य होकर धराशायी हो गया, तब उसकी समस्त सेनामें हाहाकार मच गया

hāhākṛtam abhūt sainyaṃ śālvasya pṛthivīpate | naṣṭasaṃjñe nipatite tadā saubhapatau nṛpe ||

Tâu Đại vương, khi Śālva—chúa tể cõi đất và chủ nhân thành bay Saubha—ngã xuống trong cơn mê man, toàn quân của hắn rối loạn kinh hoàng, tiếng kêu than vang dậy. Cảnh ấy cho thấy lòng tự tin nơi chiến trận sụp đổ nhanh đến thế nào khi người chỉ huy bị đánh gục, và vận hội chiến tranh thường treo trên sự vững tâm cùng quyền uy điều binh khiển tướng.

हाहाकृतम्filled with cries of ‘hā hā’; in an uproar
हाहाकृतम्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootहाहाकृत (प्रातिपदिक; हाहा + कृत)
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
अभूत्became / was
अभूत्:
TypeVerb
Rootभू (धातु)
FormAorist (लुङ्), 3, Singular
सैन्यम्the army
सैन्यम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसैन्य (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
शाल्वस्यof Śālva
शाल्वस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootशाल्व (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
पृथिवीपतेO lord of the earth (king)!
पृथिवीपते:
TypeNoun
Rootपृथिवीपति (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
नष्टसंज्ञेwhen (he was) unconscious / having lost consciousness
नष्टसंज्ञे:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootनष्टसंज्ञ (प्रातिपदिक; नष्ट + संज्ञ)
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
निपतितेwhen (he had) fallen down
निपतिते:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootनि + पत् (धातु) → निपतित (कृदन्त प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
तदाthen
तदा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतदा
सौभपतौwhen the lord of Saubha (airship/city) (was...)
सौभपतौ:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसौभपति (प्रातिपदिक; सौभ + पति)
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
नृपेwhen the king (was...)
नृपे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootनृप (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular

वायुदेव उवाच

V
Vāyudeva
Ś
Śālva
S
Saubha (Saubha-vimāna / aerial city)
Ś
Śālva's army

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the fragility of collective morale in war: when the leader loses composure or is incapacitated, the army’s confidence collapses into chaos. It implicitly values steadiness, responsible command, and the ethical weight borne by rulers whose condition affects many.

Vāyudeva describes a battlefield moment: King Śālva, identified as the master of the Saubha aerial city, falls unconscious. Seeing their king down, Śālva’s troops erupt in a loud outcry and disorder.