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Shloka 21

Adhyāya 168: Arjuna’s counters to māyā-rains and the onset of darkness

Nivātakavaca engagement

ततो<हं धनुरादाय तथाक्षय्ये महेषुधी । अताडयं शरेणाथ तद्‌ भूतं लोमहर्षणम्‌

tato'haṃ dhanur ādāya tathākṣayye maheṣudhī | atāḍayaṃ śareṇātha tad bhūtaṃ lomaharṣaṇam ||

Arjuna nói: “Bấy giờ ta cầm lấy cung, cùng hai ống tên lớn không bao giờ cạn. Rồi ta bắn một mũi tên trúng sinh linh khiến người rợn tóc gáy ấy.”

tataḥthen, thereafter
tataḥ:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Roottatas
Formindeclinable (ablatival adverb)
ahamI
aham:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootasmad
Formpronoun; gender: -, case: nominative, number: singular
dhanusbow
dhanus:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootdhanus
Formgender: neuter, case: accusative, number: singular
ādāyahaving taken
ādāya:
TypeVerb
Rootā-√dā
Formabsolutive (ktvā/lyap); indeclinable
tathāthus, likewise
tathā:
TypeIndeclinable
Roottathā
Formindeclinable
akṣayyeinexhaustible (two)
akṣayye:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootakṣayya
Formgender: feminine, case: accusative, number: dual
maheṣudhītwo great quivers
maheṣudhī:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootmaheṣudhī
Formgender: feminine, case: accusative, number: dual
atāḍayamI struck
atāḍayam:
TypeVerb
Rootā-√taḍ
Formaorist (luṅ); person: 1st, number: singular, voice: parasmaipada
śareṇawith an arrow
śareṇa:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootśara
Formgender: masculine, case: instrumental, number: singular
athathen
atha:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootatha
Formindeclinable
tatthat
tat:
Karma
TypeNoun
Roottad
Formpronoun; gender: neuter, case: accusative, number: singular
bhūtambeing, creature
bhūtam:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootbhūta
Formgender: neuter, case: accusative, number: singular
lomaharṣaṇamhair-raising, horripilating
lomaharṣaṇam:
TypeAdjective
Rootlomaharṣaṇa
Formgender: neuter, case: accusative, number: singular

अजुन उवाच

A
Arjuna
B
bow (dhanuḥ)
T
two inexhaustible great quivers (akṣayye maheṣudhī)
A
arrow (śara)
T
terrifying being/creature (bhūta)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights decisive courage and preparedness: when confronted by a frightening, possibly supernatural threat, Arjuna does not panic but acts with disciplined readiness, embodying the protective responsibility associated with kṣatriya-dharma.

Arjuna narrates that he immediately arms himself—taking up his bow and his two inexhaustible quivers—and then shoots an arrow at a terrifying being, initiating a direct response to the danger.