Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 5

कण्वोपदेशः—नश्वरबलविवेकः तथा मातलिगुणकेश्याः आख्यानारम्भः

Kaṇva’s Counsel on Impermanent Power; Opening of the Mātali–Guṇakeśī Narrative

2 परम्कतर राजा दम्भोद्धवो नाम सार्वभौम: पुराभवत्‌ | अखिलां बुभुजे सर्वा पृथिवीमिति न: श्रुतम्‌,'पूर्वकालकी बात है, दम्भोद्धव नामसे प्रसिद्ध एक सार्वभौम सम्राट्‌ इस सम्पूर्ण अखण्ड भूमण्डलका राज्य भोगते थे; यह हमारे सुननेमें आया है

Paramatara rājā Dambhoddhavo nāma sārvabhaumaḥ purābhavat | Akhilāṃ bubhuje sarvāṃ pṛthivīm iti naḥ śrutam ||

Vaiśampāyana nói: “Thuở xưa có một vị vua tối thượng, bậc Chuyển Luân Thánh Vương tên Dambhoddhava. Chúng ta từng nghe rằng ngài hưởng trị và cai quản trọn vẹn toàn cõi địa cầu.”

परम्formerly/once (in the past)
परम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपरम् (avyaya)
Formavyaya
कतरःa certain (one)
कतरः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootकतर (sarvanama-pratipadika)
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
राजाking
राजा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
दम्भोद्धवःDambhoddhava (name of a king)
दम्भोद्धवः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदम्भोद्धव (pratipadika)
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
नामby name
नाम:
TypeNoun
Rootनामन्
Formneuter, nominative/accusative, singular (used adverbially: 'by name')
सार्वभौमःuniversal sovereign, emperor
सार्वभौमः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसार्वभौम
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
पुराformerly, in olden times
पुरा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुरा (avyaya)
Formavyaya
अभवत्was/became
अभवत्:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
Formimperfect (laṅ), parasmaipada, 3rd person, singular
अखिलाम्entire, whole
अखिलाम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअखिल
Formfeminine, accusative, singular
बुभुजेenjoyed/ruled/possessed
बुभुजे:
TypeVerb
Rootभुज्
Formperfect (liṭ), parasmaipada, 3rd person, singular
सर्वाम्all, whole
सर्वाम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
Formfeminine, accusative, singular
पृथिवीम्earth, kingdom, land
पृथिवीम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपृथिवी
Formfeminine, accusative, singular
इतिthus (quotative)
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति (avyaya)
Formavyaya
नःof us/our
नः:
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
Formgenitive, plural
श्रुतम्heard (it is heard/known)
श्रुतम्:
TypeVerb
Rootश्रु (क्त)
Formpast passive participle (kta), neuter, nominative/accusative, singular

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
D
Dambhoddhava
P
Pṛthivī (the Earth)

Educational Q&A

The verse frames an ethical-political exemplum: supreme worldly sovereignty is presented as a remembered tradition, setting up reflection on the nature of power, enjoyment, and the responsibilities of universal rule.

Vaiśampāyana introduces an ancient story by naming a past universal emperor, Dambhoddhava, and stating that he ruled/enjoyed the whole earth—an opening that prepares the listener for a consequential episode about kingship.