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Shloka 29

Dambhodbhava, Nara-Nārāyaṇa, and the Counsel to Abandon Hubris

Udyoga-parva 94

पाण्डवैर्निहतै: संख्ये पुत्रैर्वापि महाबलै: यद्‌ विन्देथा: सुखं राजंस्तद्‌ ब्रूहि भरतर्षभ

pāṇḍavair nihataiḥ saṅkhye putrair vāpi mahābalaiḥ | yad vindethāḥ sukhaṃ rājaṃs tad brūhi bharatarṣabha ||

Vaiśaṃpāyana nói: “Tâu bệ hạ, hùng ngưu trong dòng Bhārata, xin hãy nói cho tôi: nếu các Pāṇḍava bị giết trong chiến trận—hoặc nếu chính những người con hùng mạnh của ngài bị diệt vong—thì ngài còn có thể được hạnh phúc nào? Xin hãy bày tỏ ‘lợi’ hay ‘an ủi’ mà ngài tưởng có thể đạt được từ kết cục ấy.”

पाण्डवैःby the Pandavas
पाण्डवैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootपाण्डव
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
निहतैःslain
निहतैः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootनिहत
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
संख्येin battle
संख्ये:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसंख्या
FormFeminine, Locative, Singular
पुत्रैःby (your) sons
पुत्रैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्र
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
अपिalso/even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
महाबलैःby the very mighty
महाबलैः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootमहाबल
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
यत्what/which
यत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
विन्देथाःyou might obtain
विन्देथाः:
TypeVerb
Rootविद् (विन्दति)
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), Second, Singular, Parasmaipada
सुखम्happiness/comfort
सुखम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसुख
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
राजन्O king
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
तत्that
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
ब्रूहिtell (me)
ब्रूहि:
TypeVerb
Rootब्रू (ब्रवीति)
FormImperative (Lot), Second, Singular, Parasmaipada
भरतर्षभO bull among the Bharatas
भरतर्षभ:
TypeNoun
Rootभरतर्षभ
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśaṃpāyana
P
Pāṇḍavas
S
sons of the king (Kauravas implied)
B
Bharata lineage

Educational Q&A

The verse challenges the illusion of ‘victory’ in a fratricidal war: whether the Pāṇḍavas die or one’s own sons perish, the outcome is bereft of true sukha. It presses a dharmic evaluation of ends and means—no political gain compensates for the moral and familial ruin.

Vaiśaṃpāyana, narrating the events of the Udyoga Parva, frames a pointed question to the king: in the looming conflict, either side’s destruction leads to sorrow. The statement functions as a rhetorical rebuke, exposing the self-defeating nature of pursuing war as a path to happiness.