Shloka 11

Udyoga Parva Adhyāya 92: Kṛṣṇasya sabhāpraveśaḥ

Krishna’s Entry into the Royal Assembly

Devanagari script

आकेशग्रहणान्मित्रमकार्यात्‌ संनिवर्तयन्‌ । अवाच्य: कस्यचिद्‌ भवति कृतयत्नो यथाबलम्‌

Transliteration

ākeśa-grahaṇān mitram akāryāt saṁnivartayan | avācyaḥ kasyacid bhavati kṛta-yatno yathā-balam ||

Translation

Người nào, dẫu phải nắm tóc bạn mình, vẫn dốc hết sức để ngăn bạn khỏi việc phi nghĩa (adharma), thì không trở thành kẻ đáng bị ai chê trách.

Word by Word

• आकेशग्रहणात्: even from (the act of) seizing by the hair/topknot
• आकेशग्रहणात्: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: आकेशग्रहण
• Form: Neuter, Ablative, Singular

• मित्रम्: a friend
• मित्रम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: मित्र
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• अकार्यत्: from a wrong act
• अकार्यत्: Apadana
• Type: Noun
• Root: अकार्य
• Form: Neuter, Ablative, Singular

• संनिवर्तयन्: turning back / restraining
• संनिवर्तयन्: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम्-नि-वृत्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular, Shatr (present active participle)

• अवाच्यः: not to be blamed / not blameworthy
• अवाच्यः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अवाच्य
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular, Tavya (gerundive/adjectival)

• कस्यचित्: of anyone
• कस्यचित्: Sampradana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: किम्
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular

• भवति: is / becomes
• भवति: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: भू
• Form: Present, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada

• कृतयत्नः: one who has made effort / who has tried
• कृतयत्नः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: कृतयत्न
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• यथाबलम्: according to (one's) strength; as much as possible
• यथाबलम्: Karana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यथाबल

Speaker

(वैशग्पायन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vaiśaṁpāyana

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Preventing a friend from wrongdoing is a dharmic duty; even firm physical restraint is not blameworthy when motivated by protection from adharma and undertaken with sincere, proportionate effort.

What is happening in the narrative?

In Vaiśaṁpāyana’s narration, a general ethical principle is stated: a well-intentioned person who tries, to the extent of his ability, to stop a friend from an improper act should not be condemned for the severity of the intervention.