Shloka 94

Kṛṣṇa at Duryodhana’s House: Refusal of Hospitality and Departure to Vidura (कृष्णस्य धार्तराष्ट्रनिवेशनगमनम्)

Devanagari script

निद्रातन्द्रे क्रोधहर्षो क्षुत्पिपासे हिमातपौ । एतानि पार्था निर्जित्य नित्यं वीरसुखे रता:,तुम्हारे सभी पुत्र निद्रा, तन्द्रा (आलस्य), क्रोध, हर्ष, भूख-प्यास तथा सर्दी-गरमी इन सबको जीतकर सदा वीरोचित सुखका उपभोग करते हैं

Transliteration

nidrātandre krodhaharṣau kṣutpipāse himātapau | etāni pārthā nirjitya nityaṃ vīrasukhe ratāḥ ||

Translation

Vaiśampāyana nói: “Hỡi các con của Pṛthā, họ đã chế ngự giấc ngủ và cơn lười mỏi, cơn giận và niềm hân hoan, đói và khát, cùng những cực đoan của lạnh và nóng; vì thế họ luôn gắn bó với niềm vui xứng đáng bậc anh hùng.”

Word by Word

निद्राsleep

तन्द्रेdrowsiness (and sleep) (dual)

क्रोधanger

हर्षःjoy, elation

क्षुत्hunger

पिपासेthirst (with hunger) (dual)

हिमcold

आतपौheat (with cold) (dual)

एतानिthese (things)

पार्थO Partha (Arjuna)

निर्जित्यhaving conquered

नित्यम्always, constantly

वीर-सुखेin heroic happiness/pleasure

रताःengaged, devoted, delighting

Speaker

वैशम्पायन उवाच

Characters & Entities

Vaiśampāyana

Pārthāḥ (the Pāṇḍavas / sons of Pṛthā)

Character Dynamics

Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)

War Context

Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)

Philosophical Teaching

Political Layer

Meter (Chandas)

Sandhi Notes

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The core teaching is self-mastery: a true hero conquers bodily urges and mental swings—sleep, laziness, anger, excessive excitement, hunger, thirst, and discomfort from weather—so that conduct remains steady and fit for dharma.

What is happening in the narrative?

Vaiśampāyana is describing and praising the warriorly discipline of the Pārthas (the Pāṇḍavas), emphasizing their endurance and control over passions and physical hardships as marks of heroic character.