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Shloka 21

Udyoga Parva Adhyaya 62 — Duryodhana’s Claim of Victory and Vidura’s Allegories on Discord and Risk

कर्मणा5<चरितं पूर्व सद्धिराचरितं च यत्‌ । तदेवास्थाय मोदन्ते दान्ता: शमपरायणा:

karmaṇācaritaṃ pūrvaṃ sadbhir ācaritaṃ ca yat | tad evāsthāya modante dāntāḥ śamaparāyaṇāḥ ||

Vidura nói: Những người tự chế và chuyên tâm vào sự an tịnh nội tâm sẽ hoan hỷ khi nương theo chính con đường hành động phải làm như bổn phận—con đường mà các bậc hiền thiện thuở trước đã thực hành. Nói cách khác, hạnh phúc đến từ việc giữ vững dharma đã được thời gian chứng nghiệm bằng kỷ luật, chứ không từ lối hành xử bốc đồng hay vụ lợi.

कर्मणाby action; through work
कर्मणा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootकर्मन्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
आचरितम्practised; performed
आचरितम्:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootआ-चर्
Formक्त (past passive participle), Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
पूर्वम्formerly; earlier
पूर्वम्:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपूर्व
सद्भिःby the good (people)
सद्भिः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootसत्
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
आचरितम्practised; followed
आचरितम्:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootआ-चर्
Formक्त (past passive participle), Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
यत्which; that (practice)
यत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
तत्that (same)
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
एवindeed; only
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
आस्थायhaving adopted; having resorted to
आस्थाय:
TypeVerb
Rootआ-स्था
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Non-finite
मोदन्तेrejoice; are glad
मोदन्ते:
TypeVerb
Rootमुद्
Formलट् (present), आत्मनेपद, 3rd, Plural
दान्ताःself-controlled (men)
दान्ताः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootदान्त
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
शमपरायणाःdevoted to tranquillity (śama)
शमपरायणाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootशम-परायण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural

विदुर उवाच

V
Vidura

Educational Q&A

True joy comes from adopting dharma as expressed in rightful action—duty performed in the way established by virtuous predecessors—supported by self-restraint (dama) and inner tranquility (śama).

In the Udyoga Parva’s counsel-setting, Vidura speaks on ethical conduct, emphasizing that disciplined people find happiness by following the proven path of righteous action rather than deviating into passion-driven choices.