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Shloka 51

Udyoga-parva Adhyāya 50 — Dhṛtarāṣṭra’s Appraisal of Bhīmasena (भीमसेनभयवर्णनम्)

आददानस्य शत्त्र हि क्षत्रधर्म परीप्सत: | निधन क्षत्रियस्थाजौ वरमेवाहुरुत्तमम्‌

ādadānasya śastraṃ hi kṣatradharma-parīpsataḥ | nidhanaṃ kṣatriyasya ājau varam evāhur uttamam ||

Dhṛtarāṣṭra nói: “Đối với một kṣatriya cầm vũ khí và mong giữ gìn đạo của chiến sĩ, cái chết trên chiến địa được tuyên là kết cục tốt đẹp và tối thượng nhất.”

आददानस्यof (one) taking/holding
आददानस्य:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootआ + दा (धातु) → आददत् (शतृ-प्रत्यय) / आददान (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
शस्त्रweapon
शस्त्र:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशस्त्र
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
हिindeed/for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
क्षत्रधर्मम्the duty of a kshatriya
क्षत्रधर्मम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootक्षत्रधर्म
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
परीप्सतःof (one) desiring to obtain/protect
परीप्सतः:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootपरि + आप् (धातु) → परीप्सत् (शतृ-प्रत्यय) / परीप्सत् (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
निधनम्death
निधनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootनिधन
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
क्षत्रियस्यof a kshatriya
क्षत्रियस्य:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootक्षत्रिय
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
आहवेin battle
आहवे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootआहव
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
वरम्better/preferable
वरम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootवर
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
एवonly/indeed
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
आहुःthey say
आहुः:
TypeVerb
Rootअह् (धातु) / ब्रू (अर्थे) → आहुः (परस्मैपद)
FormPerfect (लिट्) (classical usage: present sense), Third, Plural
उत्तमम्the best/supreme
उत्तमम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootउत्तम
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular

धृतराष्ट उवाच

D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra
K
kṣatriya
Ś
śastra (weapons)
B
battlefield (āja)

Educational Q&A

The verse asserts a classical kṣatriya ethic: when a warrior upholds kṣātra-dharma by taking up arms for rightful combat, dying in battle is considered the highest and most honorable outcome.

In the Udyoga Parva’s negotiations and preparations for war, Dhṛtarāṣṭra articulates a traditional justification of warrior duty, emphasizing that a kṣatriya committed to his role should regard battlefield death as an श्रेष्ठ (excellent) end.