Shloka 10

Devanagari script

गुरु शिष्यो नित्यमभिवादयीत स्वाध्यायमिच्छेच्छुचिरप्रमत्त: । मान॑ न कुर्यान्नादधीत रोष- मेष प्रथमो ब्रह्मचर्यस्थ पाद:,ब्रह्मचारी शिष्यको चाहिये कि वह नित्य गुरुको प्रणाम करे, बाहर-भीतरसे पवित्र हो प्रमाद छोड़कर स्वाध्यायमें मन लगावे, अभिमान न करे, मनमें क्रोधको स्थान न दे। यह ब्रह्मबचर्यका पहला चरण है

Transliteration

guruḥ śiṣyo nityam abhivādayīta svādhyāyam icchec chucir apramattaḥ | mānaṁ na kuryān nādadhīta roṣam eṣa prathamo brahmacaryastha pādaḥ ||

Translation

Sanatsujāta dạy rằng: người học trò giữ giới brahmacarya phải hằng ngày đảnh lễ và hầu cận thầy, giữ thân tâm thanh tịnh, dứt bỏ sự lơ là mà chuyên chú vào việc học kinh điển. Chớ nuôi dưỡng kiêu mạn, cũng đừng để sân hận bén rễ trong lòng. Đó là bước đầu của brahmacarya: khiêm cung, tỉnh thức và học tập trong tự chế, làm nền cho đời sống đạo hạnh.

Word by Word

• {'guruḥ': 'teacher, spiritual preceptor', 'śiṣyaḥ': 'student, disciple', 'nityam': 'always, daily', 'abhivādayīta': 'should salute, should respectfully greet', 'svādhyāya': 'self-study

• recitation/study of sacred texts (especially Veda)', 'icchet': 'should desire, should seek', 'śuciḥ': 'pure, clean (externally and internally)', 'apramattaḥ': 'not negligent

• vigilant, attentive', 'māna': 'pride, self-conceit, arrogance', 'na kuryāt': 'should not do/commit', 'na ādadhīta': 'should not place/harbor (within oneself)', 'roṣa': 'anger, wrath', 'eṣa': 'this', 'prathamaḥ': 'first', 'brahmacarya': 'student-discipline

• celibate/regulated life devoted to learning and self-control', 'pādaḥ': 'step, quarter, stage'}

Speaker

सनत्सुजात उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sanatsujāta
• guru (teacher)
• śiṣya (student)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The first step of brahmacarya is disciplined student conduct: daily respectful salutation to the guru, purity, vigilant dedication to svādhyāya, and inner restraint—especially avoiding pride and anger.

What is happening in the narrative?

In the Udyoga Parva dialogue, Sanatsujāta instructs on dharma and inner mastery; here he outlines foundational rules for a brahmacārin (student) as part of a broader ethical teaching given amid the pre-war counsel.