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Shloka 4

Sanatsujāta–Dhṛtarāṣṭra Saṃvāda: Pramāda as Mṛtyu

Chapter 42

सनत्युजात उवाच नैनं सामान्यूचो वापि न यजूंष्यविचक्षणम्‌ । त्रायन्ते कर्मण: पापाजन्न ते मिथ्या ब्रवीम्यहम्‌

sanatsujāta uvāca | nainaṃ sāmāny uco vāpi na yajūṃṣy avicakṣaṇam | trāyante karmaṇaḥ pāpāj jan te mithyā bravīmy aham ||

Sanatsujāta đáp: “Tâu Đại vương, thần không nói dối. Không phải các khúc Sāman, cũng không phải các câu Ṛg, hay cả những công thức Yajus có thể che chở một kẻ thiếu phân biệt khỏi tội lỗi phát sinh từ chính hành vi của mình. Tụng niệm thánh điển, nếu lìa trí phân minh và hạnh kiểm chân chính, không cứu nổi người ta khỏi hậu quả đạo đức của điều ác.”

सनत्सुजातःSanatsujata
सनत्सुजातः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसनत्सुजात
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, Third, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एनम्him
एनम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
सामानिSāma (chants)
सामानि:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसामन्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
ऋचःṚk verses
ऋचः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootऋच्
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
अपिalso/even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
यजूंषिYajus formulas
यजूंषि:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयजुस्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
अविचक्षणम्an undiscerning/ignorant (person)
अविचक्षणम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअविचक्षण
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
त्रायन्तेprotect (save)
त्रायन्ते:
TypeVerb
Rootत्रा
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Atmanepada
कर्मणःfrom (his) deed
कर्मणः:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootकर्मन्
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular
पापात्from sin
पापात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootपाप
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular
राजन्O king
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
तेto you
ते:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormDative, Singular
मिथ्याfalsely
मिथ्या:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootमिथ्या
ब्रवीमिI say
ब्रवीमि:
TypeVerb
Rootब्रू
FormPresent, First, Singular
अहम्I
अहम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootअहम्
FormNominative, Singular

सनत्युजात उवाच

S
Sanatsujāta
T
the King (Dhṛtarāṣṭra, implied by context)
Ṛgveda (ṛcaḥ)
S
Sāmaveda (sāmāni)
Y
Yajurveda (yajūṃṣi)

Educational Q&A

Vedic hymns and ritual formulas, by themselves, do not absolve a person of the consequences of sinful actions; without discernment and righteous conduct, learning and recitation cannot ‘save’ one from karma.

Sanatsujāta is instructing the king in moral and spiritual matters, emphasizing that mere scriptural recitation or ritual knowledge is insufficient if one continues wrongful deeds; ethical transformation is required.