Shloka 46

Sanatsujāta-Āhvāna (Summoning Sanatsujāta) — Vidura’s Invocation and Dhṛtarāṣṭra’s Doubt

Devanagari script

द्वाराणि तस्येह वदन्ति सन्‍्तो बहुप्रकाराणि दुराधराणि । सत्यार्जवे ह्वीर्दमशौचविद्या यथा न मोहप्रतिबोधनानि,संत पुरुष यहाँ उस बहाज्ञानमयी लक्ष्मीकी प्राप्तिके अनेकों द्वार बतलाते हैं, जो कि मोहको जगानेवाले नहीं हैं तथा जिनको कठिनतासे धारण किया जाता है। उनके नाम हैं-- सत्य, सरलता, लज्जा, दम, शौच और विद्या

Transliteration

dvārāṇi tasyeha vadanti santaḥ bahuprakārāṇi durādharāṇi | satyārjave hrīr damaś śaucavidyā yathā na mohapratibodhanāni ||

Translation

Bậc hiền trí nói rằng ngay trong đời này có nhiều “cửa ngõ” dẫn đến điều thiện cao thượng ấy—những cửa ngõ khó gìn giữ bền vững. Đó là: chân thật, ngay thẳng, biết hổ thẹn, tự chế, thanh tịnh và tri thức chân chính. Những phẩm chất ấy không khơi dậy mê lầm, trái lại đánh thức con người khỏi mê lầm.

Word by Word

• {'dvārāṇi': 'doors, gateways

• means of access', 'tasya': 'of that (goal/attainment, i.e., the highest good or true prosperity)', 'iha': 'here, in this world/this life', 'vadanti': 'they say, they declare', 'santaḥ': 'the good, the wise, the virtuous', 'bahuprakārāṇi': 'of many kinds, manifold', 'durādharāṇi': 'hard to bear/maintain

• difficult to practice steadily', 'satya': 'truthfulness

• commitment to truth in speech and conduct', 'ārjava (ārjave)': 'straightforwardness, sincerity, absence of crookedness', 'hrīḥ (hrīr)': 'modesty, moral shame

• inner restraint from wrongdoing', 'damaḥ (damaś)': 'self-control

• restraint of senses and impulses', 'śauca': 'purity, cleanliness

• inner and outer purity', 'vidyā': 'true knowledge

• discriminative understanding aligned with dharma', 'yathā': 'such that

• in a manner that', 'na': 'not', 'moha': 'delusion, confusion, moral blindness', 'pratibodhanāni': 'awakenings/arousals

• that which stirs up (here: of delusion)'}

Speaker

सनत्युजात उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sanatsujāta
• santaḥ (the wise/virtuous)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Sanatsujāta teaches that access to the highest good is gained through difficult but purifying virtues—truth, straightforwardness, modesty, self-restraint, purity, and knowledge—which dispel delusion rather than intensify it.

What is happening in the narrative?

In the Sanatsujātīya section of Udyoga Parva, Sanatsujāta instructs (in a didactic dialogue) on dharma and spiritual welfare, listing the key virtues that serve as ‘gateways’ to true prosperity and awakening.