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Shloka 10

Vidura-nīti: Atithi-dharma, Trust, Counsel-Secrecy, and Traits of Sustainable Rule

Udyoga Parva, Adhyāya 38

विदुर उवाच अतीवगुणसम्पन्नो न जातु विनयान्वित: । सुसूक्ष्ममपि भूतानामुपमर्दमुपेक्षते,विदुरजी बोले--राजन्‌! जो अधिक गुणोंसे सम्पन्न और विनयी है, वह प्राणियोंका तनिक भी संहार होते देख उसकी कभी उपेक्षा नहीं कर सकता

vidura uvāca atīvaguṇasampanno na jātu vinayānvitaḥ | susūkṣmam api bhūtānām upamardam upekṣate ||

Vidura thưa: “Muôn tâu Đại vương, người giàu đức hạnh và thật sự có kỷ luật không bao giờ làm ngơ trước dù chỉ một tổn hại nhỏ nhoi đối với sinh linh. Hễ thấy một vết thương tinh vi hay sự áp bức kín đáo, người ấy không thể dửng dưng.”

विदुरःVidura
विदुरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootविदुर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid/spoke
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
अतीवexceedingly/very
अतीव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअतीव
गुणof qualities/virtues
गुण:
TypeNoun
Rootगुण
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
सम्पन्नःendowed/possessed
सम्पन्नः:
TypeAdjective
Rootसम्पन्न
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
जातुever/at any time
जातु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootजातु
विनयwith humility/modesty
विनय:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootविनय
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
अन्वितःendowed/possessed
अन्वितः:
TypeAdjective
Rootअन्वित
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सुvery/well
सु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसु
सूक्ष्मम्subtle/tiny
सूक्ष्मम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसूक्ष्म
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अपिeven/also
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
भूतानाम्of beings/creatures
भूतानाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootभूत
FormNeuter, Genitive, Plural
उपमर्दम्harm/oppression/destruction
उपमर्दम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootउपमर्द
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
उपेक्षतेoverlooks/neglects
उपेक्षते:
TypeVerb
Rootउप-ईक्ष्
FormPresent, 3rd, Singular, Atmanepada

विदुर उवाच

V
Vidura
K
King (rājan; addressed figure, contextually Dhṛtarāṣṭra)
B
bhūtāni (living beings)

Educational Q&A

True virtue is inseparable from vinaya (humble discipline) and compassion: a genuinely good person does not dismiss even minor harm to any creature, because sensitivity to suffering is a mark of dharmic character.

In Udyoga Parva, Vidura counsels the king (addressed as rājan, contextually Dhṛtarāṣṭra) with ethical instruction, emphasizing that a ruler or noble person should not be indifferent to oppression or injury, even when it seems small.