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Shloka 15

Ārjava, Satya, and the Virocana–Sudhanvan Exemplum

Udyoga-parva 35

न जीयते चानुजिगीषते<न्यान्‌ न वैरकृच्चाप्रतिघातकश्न । निन्दाप्रशंसासु समस्वभावो न शोचते हृष्पति नैव चायम्‌,जो न तो स्वयं किसीसे जीता जाता, न दूसरोंको जीतनेकी इच्छा करता है, न किसीके साथ वैर करता और न दूसरोंको चोट पहुँचाना चाहता है, जो निन्दा और प्रशंसामें समानभाव रखता है, वह हर्ष-शोकसे परे हो जाता है

na jīyate cānujigīṣate 'nyān na vairakṛc cāpratighātakaś ca | nindāpraśaṃsāsu samasvabhāvo na śocate hṛṣyati naiva cāyam ||

Hamsa nói: Người ấy không bị kẻ khác khuất phục, cũng chẳng ham khuất phục ai. Người ấy không nuôi thù oán, không muốn đánh đập hay làm tổn hại người khác. Giữa lời chê và tiếng khen vẫn một lòng bình đẳng; vì thế không chao đảo bởi sầu, cũng không ngất ngây bởi vui—người ấy vượt qua cả hai.

not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
जीयतेis conquered
जीयते:
TypeVerb
Rootजि
FormLat, Atmanepada, Karmani (passive), 3, singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अनुजिगीषतेdesires to conquer (after/over)
अनुजिगीषते:
TypeVerb
Rootजि
FormLat, Atmanepada, अनु, 3, singular
अन्यान्others
अन्यान्:
Karma
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootअन्य
Formmasculine, accusative, plural
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
वैरकृत्one who makes enmity
वैरकृत्:
Karta
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootवैरकृत्
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अप्रतिघातकःnot a striker; non-injurer
अप्रतिघातकः:
Karta
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootप्रतिघातक
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
निन्दाप्रशंसासुin blame and praise
निन्दाप्रशंसासु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootनिन्दा-प्रशंसा
Formfeminine, locative, plural
समस्वभावःof even disposition
समस्वभावः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसमस्वभाव
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
शोचतेgrieves
शोचते:
TypeVerb
Rootशुच्
FormLat, Atmanepada, 3, singular
हृष्यतिrejoices
हृष्यति:
TypeVerb
Rootहृष्
FormLat, Parasmaipada, 3, singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एवindeed/just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अयम्this (man)
अयम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
Formmasculine, nominative, singular

हंस उवाच

हंस (Haṃsa)

Educational Q&A

The verse teaches inner freedom through non-competitiveness, non-enmity, and non-harm, grounded in equanimity toward praise and blame. One who neither seeks to dominate nor retaliate, and who remains even-minded, transcends the oscillation of joy and sorrow.

In Udyoga Parva, amid counsel and moral instruction before the great war, the speaker identified as Haṃsa delivers a teaching on the marks of a spiritually mature and ethically disciplined person—describing the temperament that remains unshaken by social approval or condemnation and avoids hostility and harm.