Shloka 19

Udyoga-parva Adhyāya 34 — Vidura’s Counsel on Deliberation, Speech-Discipline, and Dharmic Kingship

Devanagari script

युधन्वोवाच हिरण्यं च गवाश्चं च तवैवास्तु विरोचन । प्राणयोस्तु पणं कृत्वा प्रश्न॑ पृच्छाव ये विदु:,सुधन्वा बोला--विरोचन! सुवर्ण, गाय और घोड़ा तुम्हारे ही पास रहें। हम दोनों प्राणोंकी बाजी लगाकर जो जानकार हों, उनसे पूछें

Transliteration

Sudhanvā uvāca—hiraṇyaṃ ca gavāś ca tvaiva astu, Virocana; prāṇayos tu paṇaṃ kṛtvā praśnaṃ pṛcchāva ye viduḥ.

Translation

Sudhanvā nói: “Vàng bạc và đàn bò cứ để lại cho ngươi, hỡi Virocana. Nhưng chúng ta hãy đem chính mạng sống mình làm vật cược, rồi đem câu hỏi này hỏi những bậc thật sự biết.”

Word by Word

• सुधन्वा: Sudhanvan
• सुधन्वा: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: सुधन्वन्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• उवाच: said
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच्
• Form: Perfect, 3, Singular, Parasmaipada

• हिरण्यम्: gold
• हिरण्यम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: हिरण्य
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• गावः: cows
• गावः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: गो
• Form: Feminine, Nominative, Plural

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• अश्वः: horse
• अश्वः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: अश्व
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• तव: of you / your
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद्
• Form: Genitive, Singular

• एव: indeed / only
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव

• अस्तु: let it be
• Type: Verb
• Root: अस्
• Form: Imperative, 3, Singular, Parasmaipada

• विरोचन: O Virocana
• विरोचन: Sampradana
• Type: Noun
• Root: विरोचन
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• प्राणयोः: of (our) two lives
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्राण
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Dual

• तु: but / however
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु

• पणम्: a stake / wager
• पणम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: पण
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• कृत्वा: having made
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ
• Form: Absolutive (Gerund)

• प्रश्नम्: a question
• प्रश्नम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रश्न
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• पृच्छाव: let us two ask / we two should ask
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्रच्छ्
• Form: Present, 1, Dual, Parasmaipada, Optative

• ये: who (those who)
• ये: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• विदुः: know
• Type: Verb
• Root: विद्
• Form: Perfect, 3, Plural, Parasmaipada

Speaker

विरेचन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sudhanvā
• Virocana
• hiraṇya (gold)
• gavāḥ (cattle)