Shloka 4

स्वर्गे दुर्योधनदर्शनम् | Duryodhana Seen in Heaven

Triviṣṭapa

Devanagari script

स्वर्ग त्रिविष्टपं प्राप्प धर्मराजो युधिष्ठिर: । दुर्योधन श्रिया जुष्टं ददर्शासीनमासने

Transliteration

svargaṃ triviṣṭapaṃ prāpya dharmarājo yudhiṣṭhiraḥ | duryodhanaṃ śriyā juṣṭaṃ dadarśāsīnam āsane ||

Translation

Đến cõi trời Triviṣṭapa, Dharmarāja Yudhiṣṭhira đã thấy Duryodhana, rạng rỡ vinh quang thiên giới, ngồi trên một ngai tòa thần diệu, giữa các chư thiên chói sáng và các Sādhya—những bậc có công đức.

Word by Word

• स्वर्गम्: heaven
• स्वर्गम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्वर्ग
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• त्रिविष्टपम्: Triviṣṭapa (Indra's heaven)
• त्रिविष्टपम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: त्रिविष्टप
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• प्राप: reached/attained
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र-आप्
• Form: Perfect (Liṭ), 3rd, Singular

• धर्मराजः: King of Dharma (Yudhiṣṭhira)
• धर्मराजः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: धर्मराज
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• युधिष्ठिरः: Yudhiṣṭhira
• युधिष्ठिरः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: युधिष्ठिर
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• दुर्योधनम्: Duryodhana
• दुर्योधनम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: दुर्योधन
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• श्रिया: with splendor/fortune
• श्रिया: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: श्री
• Form: Feminine, Instrumental, Singular

• जुष्टम्: endowed with, attended by
• Type: Adjective
• Root: जुष्ट
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• ददर्श: saw
• Type: Verb
• Root: दृश्
• Form: Perfect (Liṭ), 3rd, Singular

• आसीनम्: seated
• Type: Adjective
• Root: आसीन
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• आसने: on a seat/throne
• आसने: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: आसन
• Form: Neuter, Locative, Singular

Speaker

वैशग्पायन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vaiśaṃpāyana
• Yudhiṣṭhira (Dharmarāja)
• Duryodhana
• Svarga
• Triviṣṭapa
• Āsana (throne/seat)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights the subtlety of karma and dharma: worldly labels of ‘villain’ and ‘hero’ do not mechanically determine posthumous honor. Merit accrued through certain virtues (such as valor, generosity, or fulfilled duties) can yield heavenly results, urging ethical humility and deeper discernment.

What is happening in the narrative?

Vaiśaṃpāyana narrates that Yudhiṣṭhira arrives in heaven (Triviṣṭapa) and is surprised to see Duryodhana there, radiant and seated on a throne—an image that sets up Yudhiṣṭhira’s ensuing moral questioning about justice, reward, and the fate of others.