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Shloka 7

धर्म्यविजय-नियमाः

Rules for Dharmic Victory in Kṣatriya Engagement

भीष्म उवाच नैवासन्नद्धकवचो योद्धव्य: क्षत्रियो रणे । एक एकेन वाच्यश्व विसृजेति क्षिपामि च,भीष्मजीने कहा--राजन्‌! जो कवच बाँधे हुए न हो, उस क्षत्रियके साथ रणभूमिमें युद्ध नहीं करना चाहिये। एक योद्धा दूसरे एकाकी योद्धासे कहे “तुम मुझपर शस्त्र छोड़ो। मैं भी तुमपर प्रहार करता हूँ”

bhīṣma uvāca naivāsannaddha-kavaco yoddhavyaḥ kṣatriyo raṇe | eka ekena vācyaś ca visṛjeti kṣipāmi ca ||

Bhishma nói: “Tâu đại vương, không nên giao chiến trên chiến địa với một kṣatriya khi người ấy chưa mặc giáp đầy đủ. Và khi hai dũng sĩ gặp nhau một chọi một, mỗi bên phải công khai nói với bên kia: ‘Hãy phóng vũ khí vào ta; ta cũng sẽ đánh trả ngươi’—để cuộc đấu diễn ra bằng lời thách thức rõ ràng và theo lẽ công bằng.”

भीष्मःBhishma
भीष्मः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभीष्म
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect (Paroksha-bhuta), Third, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एवindeed/just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
आसन्were
आसन्:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
FormImperfect (Lan), Third, Plural
नद्धकवचःhaving fastened armor
नद्धकवचः:
TypeAdjective
Rootनद्धकवच
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
योद्धव्यःto be fought (fit to be fought)
योद्धव्यः:
TypeAdjective
Rootयुध्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
क्षत्रियःa Kshatriya/warrior
क्षत्रियः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootक्षत्रिय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
रणेin battle
रणे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootरण
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
एकःone (warrior)
एकः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootएक
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
एकेनby/with one (another)
एकेन:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootएक
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
वाच्यःshould be addressed/said to
वाच्यः:
TypeAdjective
Rootवच्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अश्वO horse! (vocative; likely corrupt for 'अद्य/अथ/असौ' etc.)
अश्व:
TypeNoun
Rootअश्व
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
विसृजrelease/let fly
विसृज:
TypeVerb
Rootसृज्
FormImperative (Lot), Second, Singular
इतिthus (quotative)
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
क्षिपामिI throw/cast
क्षिपामि:
TypeVerb
Rootक्षिप्
FormPresent (Lat), First, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
R
rājā (the king addressed)
K
kṣatriya
K
kavaca (armour)
R
raṇa (battlefield)
Ś
śastra (weapon, implied by ‘release/throw’)

Educational Q&A

Bhishma states a rule of righteous warfare: do not attack a warrior who is not properly armoured, and in single combat fight with open challenge and mutual readiness, avoiding unfair advantage.

In the Shanti Parva’s instruction on dharma, Bhishma advises the king about battlefield conduct, describing how honorable Kshatriyas should engage—only when the opponent is equipped and after a clear, direct challenge in one-on-one combat.