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Shloka 18

धर्म्यविजय-नियमाः

Rules for Dharmic Victory in Kṣatriya Engagement

मूलानि च प्रशाखाश्न॒ दहन्‌ समधिगच्छति । राजन! जैसे पृथ्वीमें बोये हुए बीजका फल तत्काल नहीं मिलता, उसी प्रकार किये हुए पापका भी फल तुरंत नहीं मिलता है; परंतु जब वह फल प्राप्त होता है, तब मूल और शाखा दोनोंको जलाकर भस्म कर देता है ।।

bhīṣma uvāca | mūlāni ca praśākhāś ca dahann samadhigacchati | rājan yathā pṛthivyāṃ bījasya phalaṃ tatkālaṃ na labhyate tathā kṛtasya pāpasya phalaṃ na sadyaḥ prāpnoti | yadā tu phalaṃ prāpnoti tadā mūlaśākhā ubhe api dagdhvā bhasmasāt karoti | pāpena karmaṇā vittaṃ labdhvā pāpaḥ praharṣati | sa pāpī manuṣyaḥ steyena vardhamānaḥ pāpeṣv āsaktaḥ bhavati | dharmo nāstīti matvā śuddhātmānaḥ puruṣān upahasati | dharme tasya kiñcid api śraddhā na tiṣṭhati | pāpenaiva sa vināśamukhaṃ pratipadyate | sa ātmānaṃ devavat ajarāmaraṃ manyate | ante tu varuṇapāśair baddho bhavati |

Bhīṣma nói: Tâu Đại vương, như hạt giống gieo xuống đất không thể lập tức kết trái, quả báo của tội lỗi cũng không hiện ra ngay. Nhưng khi quả ấy chín muồi, nó thiêu rụi cả gốc lẫn cành—hủy diệt con người đến tận cùng. Kẻ kiếm của cải bằng hành vi tội lỗi thì hớn hở vui mừng. Lớn lên nhờ trộm cắp, hắn nghiện điều ác; tin rằng “không có dharma”, hắn chế nhạo những người tâm hồn thanh tịnh. Niềm tin vào chính đạo tàn lụi, và chỉ bằng tội lỗi hắn bước thẳng vào miệng vực diệt vong. Hắn tưởng mình như thần linh, không già không chết—nhưng rốt cuộc vẫn bị trói chặt trong những thòng lọng của Varuṇa.

मूलानिroots
मूलानि:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमूल
FormNeuter, Accusative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
प्रशाखाःbranches
प्रशाखाः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootप्रशाखा
FormFeminine, Accusative, Plural
दहन्burning
दहन्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootदह्
Formशतृ (present active participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
समधिगच्छतिreaches/attains (fully)
समधिगच्छति:
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-अधि-गम्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
राजन्O king
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
पापेनby sinful
पापेन:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootपाप
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
कर्मणाby an act/deed
कर्मणा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootकर्मन्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
वित्तम्wealth
वित्तम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवित्त
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
लब्ध्वाhaving obtained
लब्ध्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootलभ्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Active
पापःa sinner
पापः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपाप
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
प्रहृष्यतिrejoices
प्रहृष्यति:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-हृष्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
R
Rājan (the King, i.e., Yudhiṣṭhira as addressee)
V
Varuṇa
P
pṛthivī (earth)
B
bīja (seed)
V
varuṇapāśa (nooses of Varuṇa)

Educational Q&A

Sin may not produce visible consequences immediately, but when its result matures it destroys a person completely—like a fire consuming both root and branches. Ill-gotten wealth breeds arrogance, loss of faith in dharma, contempt for the virtuous, and finally inevitable bondage to moral retribution (symbolized by Varuṇa’s nooses).

In the Śānti Parva instruction scene, Bhīṣma addresses the king (Yudhiṣṭhira) and warns him about the deceptive delay of karmic results. He describes the psychological progression of a sinner who prospers through theft, mocks righteousness, and feels invincible—until the accumulated consequence overtakes him.