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Shloka 11

उतथ्योपदेशः—राजधर्मः, दर्पनिग्रहः, प्रजारक्षणम्

Utathya’s Instruction: Royal Dharma, Restraint of Pride, Protection of Subjects

देवा: पूजां न जानन्ति न स्वधां पितरस्तदा । न पूज्यन्ते हतिथयो यदा पापो न वार्यते,जब पापको रोका नहीं जाता, तब देवता पूजाको नहीं जानते हैं, पितरोंको स्वधा (श्राद्ध) का अनुभव नहीं होता है तथा अतिथियोंकी कहीं पूजा नहीं होती है

devāḥ pūjāṃ na jānanti na svadhāṃ pitaras tadā | na pūjyante hy atithayo yadā pāpo na vāryate ||

Utathya nói: Khi điều ác không bị ngăn chặn, chư thiên không còn nhận biết lễ cúng dường, tổ tiên không thọ hưởng svadhā của lễ śrāddha, và khách khứa không được tôn kính. Trong một xã hội như thế, sự lơ là kỷ luật đạo đức bào mòn chính những mạch nối nuôi dưỡng bổn phận đối với thần linh, tổ tiên và cộng đồng.

देवाःthe gods
देवाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदेव
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
पूजाम्worship
पूजाम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपूजा
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
जानन्तिknow/recognize
जानन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootज्ञा
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
स्वधाम्svadhā (ancestral offering/oblation)
स्वधाम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootस्वधा
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
पितरःthe ancestors (pitṛs)
पितरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपितृ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
तदाthen
तदा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतदा
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
पूज्यन्तेare worshipped/honoured
पूज्यन्ते:
TypeVerb
Rootपूज्
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Atmanepada, Passive
अतिथयःguests
अतिथयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअतिथि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
यदाwhen
यदा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयदा
पापःsin/evil (a sinful act/personified evil)
पापः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपाप
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
वार्यतेis restrained/checked/warded off
वार्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootवृ
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Atmanepada, Passive

उतथ्य उवाच

U
Utathya
D
Devas (gods)
P
Pitaras (ancestors)
A
Atithis (guests)
S
Svadhā (ancestral oblation)

Educational Q&A

Ritual life (worship, śrāddha, hospitality) depends on moral governance: if sin is not restrained, society loses the capacity to honor gods, ancestors, and guests, and dharma collapses from within.

Utathya is instructing about dharma in the Shanti Parva, emphasizing that unchecked wrongdoing undermines religious rites and social duties, so ethical restraint is the foundation for meaningful worship and communal well-being.