Shloka 9

Kośārtha-Rājadharma: Ethical Revenue Collection and Social Regulation (कोशार्थ-राजधर्मः)

Devanagari script

सकृत्पाशावकीण्णस्ति न भविष्यन्ति दुर्दमा: । उचितेनैव भोक्तव्यास्ते भविष्यन्ति यत्नतः,यदि उनको एक साथ नाथकर उनपर भारी भार लादना चाहे तो उन्हें काबूमें लाना कठिन हो जायगा; अतः उचित ढंगसे प्रयत्नपूर्वक एक-एकको नाथकर उन्हें भार ढोनेके उपयोगमें लाना चाहिये। ऐसा करनेसे वे पूरा भार वहन करनेके योग्य हो जायँगे

Transliteration

sakṛt pāśāvakīrṇās tu na bhaviṣyanti durdamāḥ | ucitenaiva bhoktavyās te bhaviṣyanti yatnataḥ ||

Translation

Bhishma nói: “Nếu một lần quàng thòng lọng lên tất cả và chất gánh nặng lớn ngay tức khắc, thì kẻ khó trị sẽ càng khó điều phục. Vì vậy phải dùng chừng mực thích đáng và sự cố gắng thận trọng mà thuần phục từng kẻ một, để theo thời gian họ trở nên xứng đáng gánh vác trọn vẹn. Lời dạy là: kỷ luật và trách nhiệm phải được gây dựng dần dần, không thể áp đặt một lúc bằng sức nặng nghiền nát.”

Word by Word

• {'sakṛt': 'all at once

• in a single attempt', 'pāśa': 'noose

• restraint', 'avakīrṇa': 'thrown over

• entangled/covered', 'na bhaviṣyanti': 'will not become

• will not prove to be', 'durdamāḥ': 'hard to tame

• ungovernable', 'ucitena': 'by what is proper/appropriate

• in due measure', 'eva': 'indeed

• precisely', 'bhoktavyāḥ': 'to be borne/endured

• to be managed/handled (as a duty)', 'te': 'they', 'bhaviṣyanti': 'will become', 'yatnataḥ': 'with effort

Speaker

भीष्य उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Bhīṣma

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Discipline and capacity are developed progressively: forcing a heavy restraint or burden all at once makes the unruly harder to manage, whereas appropriate, step-by-step training with sustained effort makes them capable of bearing responsibility.

What is happening in the narrative?

In the Śānti Parva’s instruction on righteous conduct and practical policy, Bhīṣma advises the listener through a metaphor of restraining and loading: one should not attempt to subdue or burden difficult subjects/agents in a single harsh act, but should guide them gradually until they become dependable.