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Shloka 21

Yogakṣema, Purohita, and the Mucukunda–Vaiśravaṇa Dialogue (योगक्षेम–पुरोहित–मुचुकुन्दवैश्रवणसंवादः)

एवं यो धर्मविद्‌ राजा ब्रद्मपूर्व प्रवर्तते । जयत्यविजितामुर्वी यशश्न महदश्लुते,इस प्रकार जो धर्मज्ञ राजा पहले ब्राह्मणका आश्रय लेकर उसकी सहायतासे राज्यकार्यमें प्रवृत्त होता है, वह बिना जीती हुई पृथ्वीको भी जीतकर महान्‌ यशका भागी होता है

evaṁ yo dharmavid rājā brahma-pūrvaṁ pravartate | jayaty avijitām urvīṁ yaśaś ca mahad aśnute ||

Bhīṣma nói: Vị vua hiểu rõ dharma, chỉ bắt tay vào việc trị quốc sau khi đặt Bà-la-môn (giới Bà-la-môn và lời khuyên thiêng liêng) lên hàng đầu—cầu sự chỉ dẫn và trợ lực của họ—thì có thể chinh phục cả cõi đất chưa từng bị khuất phục và đạt được danh tiếng lớn lao.

एवम्thus, in this manner
एवम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएवम्
यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
धर्मवित्knower of dharma
धर्मवित्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootधर्मविद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
राजाking
राजा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
ब्राह्मणपूर्वम्with the Brahmin first; preceded by Brahmins
ब्राह्मणपूर्वम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootब्राह्मणपूर्व
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
प्रवर्ततेproceeds, engages in action
प्रवर्तते:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र√वृत्
FormPresent, Indicative, Atmanepada, Third, Singular
जयतिconquers
जयति:
TypeVerb
Root√जि
FormPresent, Indicative, Parasmaipada, Third, Singular
अविजिताम्unconquered
अविजिताम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअविजित
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
उर्वीम्earth
उर्वीम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootउर्वी
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
यशसाwith fame; by fame
यशसा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootयशस्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
महत्great
महत्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootमहत्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अश्नुतेattains, obtains
अश्नुते:
TypeVerb
Root√अश्
FormPresent, Indicative, Atmanepada, Third, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
R
raja (king)
B
brahma (Brahman/Brahmins)
U
urvi (the earth/realm)

Educational Q&A

A ruler’s power should be grounded in dharma: governance ought to begin with brahma—sacred learning, ethical counsel, and the guidance of the wise. When a king acts with such prior orientation, his victories are legitimate and his fame becomes enduring.

In the Shanti Parva’s instruction on rajadharma, Bhishma advises Yudhishthira about the foundations of successful rule. Here he states that a dharma-knowing king who first relies on Brahmin guidance and then undertakes statecraft gains conquest and great renown.