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Shloka 19

Purohita-Niyoga and the Brahma–Kṣatra Concord

Aila–Kaśyapa Saṃvāda

कश्यप उवाच आत्मा रुद्रो हृदये मानवानां स्व॑ं स्वं देहं परदेहं च हन्ति । वातोत्पातै: सदृशं रुद्रमाहु- देवैर्जीमूतैी: सदृशं रूपमस्य

kaśyapa uvāca | ātmā rudro hṛdaye mānavānāṁ svaṁ svaṁ dehaṁ paradehaṁ ca hanti | vātotpātaiḥ sadṛśaṁ rudram āhur devair jīmūtaiḥ sadṛśaṁ rūpam asya |

Kāśyapa nói: “Tâu bệ hạ, Rudra ngự như chính Tự Ngã (Ātman) trong tim người. Khi thời khắc đã định đến, Ngài khiến thân mình và cả thân kẻ khác đi đến diệt vong. Bậc trí gọi Rudra là nhanh như gió bão, không gì cưỡng nổi; và nói hình tướng Ngài như mây dày tụ lại.”

कश्यपःKashyapa
कश्यपः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकश्यप
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
आत्माthe Self
आत्मा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootआत्मन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
रुद्रःRudra
रुद्रः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootरुद्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
हृदयेin the heart
हृदये:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootहृदय
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
मानवानाम्of humans
मानवानाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootमानव
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
स्वम्one's own
स्वम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootस्व
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
स्वम्one's own
स्वम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootस्व
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
देहम्body
देहम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदेह
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
परदेहम्another's body
परदेहम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपरदेह
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
हन्तिkills/destroys
हन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootहन्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
वातोत्पातैःwith/like storm-winds (violent gusts)
वातोत्पातैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootवातोत्पात
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
सदृशम्similar (to)
सदृशम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootसदृश
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
रुद्रम्Rudra
रुद्रम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootरुद्र
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
आहुःthey say/call
आहुः:
TypeVerb
Rootअह्
FormPerfect, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
देवैःby the gods / with the gods
देवैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootदेव
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
जीमूतैःwith clouds
जीमूतैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootजीमूत
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
सदृशम्similar (to)
सदृशम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootसदृश
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
रूपम्form/appearance
रूपम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootरूप
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अस्यof him/of this (Rudra)
अस्य:
TypePronoun
Rootइदम् (सर्वनाम)
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular

कश्यप उवाच

K
Kaśyapa
R
Rudra

Educational Q&A

The verse frames death and destruction as part of a cosmic function: Rudra, present inwardly as the indwelling Self, brings beings to their end when time ripens. Ethically, it encourages sobriety and detachment—recognizing that life and death are governed by a larger order rather than mere personal will.

In Śānti Parva’s instruction, Kashyapa explains Rudra’s nature: he dwells within humans and, at the destined moment, causes the end of one’s own body and others’. To convey Rudra’s power, he uses vivid similes—Rudra’s force is like a violent storm-wind, and his appearance is like dense clouds.