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Shloka 8

राजा-दैवतत्वम् — The King as a Stabilizing ‘Daivata’ (Divine Function) in Social Order

स चेत्‌ समनुपश्येत समग्रं कुशलं भवेत्‌ | बलवान हि प्रकुपित: कुर्यान्निःशेषतामपि,वह बलवान्‌ आक्रमणकारी नरेश यदि शान्त दृष्टिसे देखे तो राज्यकी पूर्णतः भलाई होती है और यदि वह कुपित हो गया तो उस राज्यका सर्वनाश कर सकता है

sa cet samanupaśyet samagraṁ kuśalaṁ bhavet | balavān hi prakupitaḥ kuryān niḥśeṣatām api ||

Bhishma nói: “Nếu một bậc quân vương hùng mạnh như thế nhìn xét mọi việc bằng sự điềm tĩnh và cái thấy bao quát, thì phúc lợi của quốc độ sẽ được trọn vẹn. Nhưng nếu chính vị vua mạnh ấy bị khơi dậy cơn giận, ông ta có thể khiến cả nước rơi vào diệt vong.”

सःhe/that (king)
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
चेत्if
चेत्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootचेत्
समनुपश्येत्should observe/consider thoroughly
समनुपश्येत्:
TypeVerb
Rootअनु√पश् (पश्यति)
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
समग्रंentire/complete
समग्रं:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसमग्र
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
कुशलंwelfare/prosperity
कुशलं:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकुशल
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
भवेत्would be/should become
भवेत्:
TypeVerb
Root√भू (भवति)
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
बलवान्powerful
बलवान्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootबलवत्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
हिindeed/for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
प्रकुपितःenraged, provoked
प्रकुपितः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रकुपित
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
कुर्यात्might do/could cause
कुर्यात्:
TypeVerb
Root√कृ (करोति)
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
निःशेषताम्complete destruction/utter end
निःशेषताम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootनिःशेषता
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
अपिeven/also
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
A
a powerful king (balavān nṛpa/nareśa implied)
T
the kingdom/state (rājya implied)

Educational Q&A

A ruler’s strength must be governed by calm, comprehensive judgment; when power is guided by restraint it produces complete welfare, but when driven by anger it can destroy an entire polity.

In the Shanti Parva’s instruction on kingship (rājadharma), Bhishma warns about the double-edged nature of royal power: the same capable king can secure the realm’s prosperity through composed oversight, or devastate it if he becomes enraged.