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Shloka 1

Cāturāśramya-dharma—Marks of the Four Āśramas (चातुराश्रम्यधर्मः)

अफड---रू- पज्चषष्टितमो< ध्याय: इन्द्ररूपधारी विष्णु और मान्धाताका संवाद इन्द्र उवाच एवंवीर्य: सर्वधर्मोपपन्न: क्षात्र: श्रेष्ठ: सर्वधर्मेषु धर्म: । पाल्यो युष्माभिलोंकहितैरुदारै- विंपर्यये स्पादभव: प्रजानाम्‌

indra uvāca | evaṁvīryaḥ sarvadharmopapannaḥ kṣātraḥ śreṣṭhaḥ sarvadharmeṣu dharmaḥ | pālyo yuṣmābhir lokahitair udārair viparyaye syād abhavaḥ prajānām ||

Indra nói: “Hỡi đại vương, như thế kṣātra-dharma—đạo của chiến sĩ—là mạnh mẽ và được tuyên xưng là đứng đầu trong mọi bổn phận, đầy đủ mọi đức hạnh nâng đỡ. Vì vậy, những bậc cao quý như ngài, vốn mưu cầu lợi ích cho đời, phải luôn gìn giữ chính kṣātra-dharma này. Nếu nó bị đảo lộn hay bị bỏ bê, dân chúng sẽ rơi vào diệt vong.”

इन्द्रःIndra
इन्द्रः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootइन्द्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, Third, Singular
एवम्thus
एवम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएवम्
वीर्यःpower, strength
वीर्यः:
TypeNoun
Rootवीर्य
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
सर्वधर्मोपपन्नःendowed with all dharmas
सर्वधर्मोपपन्नः:
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्वधर्मोपपन्न
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
क्षात्रःthe kshatriya (duty/order)
क्षात्रः:
TypeNoun
Rootक्षात्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
श्रेष्ठःbest, foremost
श्रेष्ठः:
TypeAdjective
Rootश्रेष्ठ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सर्वधर्मेषुamong all dharmas
सर्वधर्मेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसर्वधर्म
FormMasculine, Locative, Plural
धर्मःdharma, duty
धर्मः:
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पाल्यःto be protected/observed
पाल्यः:
TypeAdjective
Rootपाल्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
युष्माभिःby you (pl.)
युष्माभिः:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
Form—, Instrumental, Plural
लोकहितैःbeneficial to the world
लोकहितैः:
TypeAdjective
Rootलोकहित
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
उदारैःnoble, generous
उदारैः:
TypeAdjective
Rootउदार
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
विपर्ययेin the opposite case, otherwise
विपर्यये:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootविपर्यय
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
स्यात्would be
स्यात्:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
FormOptative, Third, Singular
अभावःnon-existence, destruction
अभावः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअभाव
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
प्रजानाम्of the subjects/people
प्रजानाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootप्रजा
FormFeminine, Genitive, Plural

इन्द्र उवाच

I
Indra
A
a king (rājan)
P
prajā (the subjects/people)
K
kṣātra-dharma

Educational Q&A

The verse teaches that kṣātra-dharma (royal/warrior duty) is foremost because it safeguards social order: a ruler must actively uphold protection, justice, and public welfare; neglect of this duty leads to the ruin of the people.

Indra addresses a king, urging him to maintain kṣātra-dharma for the sake of lokahita (public good). The statement frames kingship as a moral responsibility: when royal duty is inverted or abandoned, the subjects suffer destruction.