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Shloka 51

Āśrama-dharma: Duties of the Four Life-Stages (आश्रमधर्मः)

तानि यः सम्प्रजानाति ज्ञाननिश्चयनिश्षित: । द्विजाति: श्रद्धयोपेत: स यह्टूं पुरुषो5रहति

tāni yaḥ samprajānāti jñānaniścayaniṣṣitaḥ | dvijātiḥ śraddhayopetaḥ sa yaṣṭuṃ puruṣo 'rhati ||

Bhīṣma nói: Người nào thấu hiểu rõ ràng những điều ấy, có niềm xác tín được mài sắc bởi tri thức đã định, và là bậc dvija (hai lần sinh) đầy śraddhā—người ấy mới xứng đáng cử hành tế lễ.

तानिthose (things)
तानि:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Plural
यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सम्प्रजानातिfully knows, clearly understands
सम्प्रजानाति:
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-प्र-ज्ञा
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
ज्ञानof knowledge
ज्ञान:
TypeNoun
Rootज्ञान
FormNeuter, Genitive, Singular
निश्चयof ascertainment, determination
निश्चय:
TypeNoun
Rootनिश्चय
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
निश्षितःsharpened; well-trained; perfected
निश्षितः:
TypeAdjective
Rootनिश्षित
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
द्विजातिःa twice-born (Brahmin/Kshatriya/Vaishya)
द्विजातिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootद्विजाति
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
श्रद्धयाwith faith
श्रद्धया:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootश्रद्धा
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
उपेतःendowed with, possessed of
उपेतः:
TypeAdjective
Rootउप-इ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
यष्टुम्to sacrifice, to perform a yajña
यष्टुम्:
TypeVerb
Rootयज्
FormInfinitive (Tumun)
पुरुषःa man, person
पुरुषः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपुरुष
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अर्हतिis fit, deserves, is entitled
अर्हति:
TypeVerb
Rootअर्ह्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma

Educational Q&A

Ritual action (yajña) should be undertaken by one who has clear understanding and firm knowledge, and who possesses śraddhā; worthiness is tied to inner qualification—discernment and faith—rather than mere external performance.

In Śānti Parva, Bhīṣma instructs Yudhiṣṭhira on dharma and right conduct. Here he specifies the qualifications of a person who may properly perform sacrifice, emphasizing knowledge-based certainty and sincere faith as prerequisites.