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Shloka 118

Varṇa-dharma and Rājadharma: Yudhiṣṭhira’s Inquiry and Bhīṣma’s Normative Outline (वर्णधर्म-राजधर्म-प्रश्नोत्तरम्)

सागर: सरितां भर्ता हिमवांक्षाचलोत्तम: । शक्रश्न धनमक्षय्यं प्रादात्‌ तस्मै युधिष्ठिर

sāgaraḥ saritāṃ bhartā himavāṃś cācalottamaḥ | śakraś ca dhanam akṣayyaṃ prādāt tasmai yudhiṣṭhira ||

Bhīṣma nói: “Hỡi Yudhiṣṭhira, con của Pāṇḍu—Đại dương, chúa tể của các dòng sông, và Himavān, bậc nhất trong các núi, cùng cả Śakra (Indra) nữa, đã dâng lên người ấy của cải vô tận.”

सागरःthe ocean
सागरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसागर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सरिताम्of rivers
सरिताम्:
TypeNoun
Rootसरित्
FormFeminine, Genitive, Plural
भर्ताlord/sustainer
भर्ता:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभर्तृ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
हिमवान्Himavat (the Himalaya)
हिमवान्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootहिमवत्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
क्षाचल-उत्तमःbest among mountains
क्षाचल-उत्तमः:
TypeAdjective
Rootअचल + उत्तम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
शक्रःŚakra (Indra)
शक्रः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशक्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
धनम्wealth
धनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootधन
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अक्षय्यम्inexhaustible
अक्षय्यम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootअक्षय्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
प्रादात्gave
प्रादात्:
TypeVerb
Rootदा
FormAorist (Luṅ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
तस्मैto him
तस्मै:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Dative, Singular
युधिष्ठिरO Yudhiṣṭhira
युधिष्ठिर:
TypeNoun
Rootयुधिष्ठिर
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
P
Pāṇḍu
S
Sāgara (Ocean)
R
Rivers (Sarit)
H
Himavān (Himalaya)
Ś
Śakra/Indra
A
Akṣayya-dhana (inexhaustible wealth)

Educational Q&A

The verse conveys that dharmic rule aligns a king with cosmic order, so that nature and the gods are depicted as cooperating—symbolically granting stability and inexhaustible resources to sustain righteous governance.

Bhīṣma addresses Yudhiṣṭhira and recounts a scene where mighty cosmic beings—Ocean, Himavān, and Indra—offer gifts, especially imperishable wealth, to a worthy recipient, illustrating recognition and support of rightful sovereignty.