Shloka 31
Bhīṣma on the Śara-Śayyā: Yudhiṣṭhira and Kṛṣṇa Approach the Eldest for Śānti
Devanagari script
ये हि धर्मा: समाख्याताश्षातुर्वर्ण्यस्य भारत
Translation
Vaiśampāyana nói: “Hỡi Bhārata, mọi pháp (dharma) đã được kinh điển nêu rõ cho bốn varṇa và bốn āśrama, tất cả đều đã nằm trong sự hiểu biết của ngươi.”
Word by Word
येwhich (those)
ये:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
हिindeed/for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
धर्माःduties/laws
धर्माः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
समाख्याताःdeclared/proclaimed
समाख्याताः:
TypeAdjective
Rootसम्-आ-ख्या (क्त)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
चातुर्वर्ण्यस्यof the fourfold varna-system
चातुर्वर्ण्यस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootचातुर्वर्ण्य
FormNeuter, Genitive, Singular
भारतO Bharata
भारत:
TypeNoun
Rootभारत
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
Speaker
वैशम्पायन उवाच
Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes